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Questions and Answers
Where are the majority of chloroplasts found in green plants?
Where are the majority of chloroplasts found in green plants?
What is the function of chlorophyll in chloroplasts?
What is the function of chlorophyll in chloroplasts?
What is the name of the space limited by the inner membrane of the chloroplast?
What is the name of the space limited by the inner membrane of the chloroplast?
What type of plastid contains carotene and xanthophylls?
What type of plastid contains carotene and xanthophylls?
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What is the shape of chloroplasts?
What is the shape of chloroplasts?
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What is the function of thylakoids?
What is the function of thylakoids?
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What is the name of the organized flattened membranous sacs in the stroma?
What is the name of the organized flattened membranous sacs in the stroma?
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What type of plastid stores carbohydrates?
What type of plastid stores carbohydrates?
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Study Notes
Plastids
- Found in all plant cells and euglenoids, easily observed under the microscope due to their large size
- Can be classified into three types based on the type of pigments they contain
Types of Plastids
- Chloroplasts: contain chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments, responsible for trapping light energy essential for photosynthesis
- Chromoplasts: contain fat-soluble carotenoid pigments, such as carotene and xanthophylls
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Leucoplasts: colorless plastids of varied shapes and sizes, store nutrients, and include:
- Amyloplasts: store carbohydrates (starch), e.g., potato
- Elaioplasts: store oils and fats
- Aleuroplasts: store proteins
Chloroplast Structure
- Double membrane bound, with inner membrane being relatively less permeable
- Stroma: space limited by the inner membrane, containing enzymes required for carbohydrate and protein synthesis
- Thylakoids: organized, flattened, membranous sacs in the stroma, arranged in stacks (grana)
- Grana: stacks of thylakoids, resembling piles of coins
- Stroma lamellae: flat, membranous tubules connecting thylakoids of different grana
- Lumen: space enclosed by the thylakoid membrane
- Chlorophyll pigments: present in the thylakoids
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Description
Types of plastids found in plant cells, including chloroplasts, chromoplasts, and leucoplasts, and their roles in photosynthesis and pigmentation.
