Plants Around Us and Root Systems
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the stem in a plant?

  • To generate seeds
  • To perform photosynthesis
  • To provide support and hold the plant upright (correct)
  • To absorb nutrients from the soil
  • Axillary buds are responsible for the primary growth of the entire plant.

    False

    What is the portion of the stem between two nodes called?

    internode

    The type of root that provides extra support in plants such as the banyan tree is called __________.

    <p>prop roots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of roots with their functions:

    <p>Prop roots = Provide extra support Breathing roots = Facilitate gas exchange in anoxic environments Climbing roots = Assist in climbing Food storage roots = Store food for the plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the stem is primarily responsible for the growth at the tip?

    <p>Terminal bud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Stilt roots grow from the upper part of the stem.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one plant that has modified roots for food storage.

    <p>carrot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of root system does a carrot have?

    <p>Taproot system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Climbers can stand erect without support.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name two examples of herbs.

    <p>Coriander, mint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ is the part of the plant that grows above the ground.

    <p>shoot system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following plant parts with their functions:

    <p>Roots = Absorb nutrients and water Stem = Support and transport Leaves = Photosynthesis Flowers = Reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following plants has a fibrous root system?

    <p>Rice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Trees typically have many branches that grow from the lower parts of the trunk.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main part of the shoot system?

    <p>Stem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of modified stem is a potato classified as?

    <p>Tuber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary function of tendrils in climbers is to attract pollinators.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one plant that has thorns for protection.

    <p>Rose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following plants exhibits parallel venation?

    <p>Coconut</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ________ is the part of the leaf that conducts photosynthesis.

    <p>leaf lamina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of venation is characterized by veins arranged like nets on both sides of the midrib?

    <p>Reticulate Venation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Leaves have stomata on their upper side.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of modified stems with their examples:

    <p>Tuber = Potato Rhizome = Ginger Bulb = Onion Tendril = Grapevine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of stomata in leaves?

    <p>Gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cacti have modified stems that store water.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Leaves modified into sharp structures are known as __________.

    <p>spines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The small stalk that attaches leaves to the stem is called the ________.

    <p>petiole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process do leaves use to prepare food for the plant?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are carnivorous plants known for?

    <p>Trapping insects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flowers are the reproductive organs of non-flowering plants.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of petals in a flower?

    <p>To attract insects for pollination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Self-pollination occurs when pollen from one plant falls on the stigma of another plant.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure in a flower contains the ovules?

    <p>ovary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The sticky substance that holds onto pollen grains during pollination is found in the ______.

    <p>stigma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a pollinating agent?

    <p>Butterflies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cross-pollination is facilitated only by wind and water.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After pollination, the size of the ______ increases and changes into the fruit.

    <p>ovary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Plants Around Us

    • Plants are grouped by stem type: trees, shrubs, herbs, creepers, and climbers
    • Trees are tall with thick trunks and many branches. They live for many years. Examples include Banyan, mango, and coconut
    • Climbers have weak stems and need support to stand. Examples include grapevine, money plant, and pea
    • Shrubs have hard, woody stems with small branches and live for several years. Examples include hibiscus, rose, and jasmine
    • Creepers have very weak stems and grow along the ground. Examples include pumpkin and watermelon
    • Herbs are small plants with soft, short stems and live for a few months. Examples include grass, coriander, mint, rice, wheat, and spinach

    Parts of a Plant: Root System

    • The root system is the part of the plant below the ground
    • Two types of root systems: taproot and fibrous
    • Taproot system has one main root with smaller branches. Examples include neem, mango, pea, carrot, radish, turnip, and mustard
    • Fibrous root system has a cluster of thin roots. Examples include maize, wheat, sugarcane, rice, and grass
    • Roots hold the plant in place, absorb water and nutrients, and prevent soil erosion

    Parts of a Plant: Modifications of Roots

    • Roots can be modified for different functions, including food storage
    • Roots may become fleshy to store food(e.g., carrot, beetroot, radish, turnip, sweet potato)
    • Prop roots support the plant, like in banyan trees
    • Stilt roots support the plant base, like in maize, sugarcane, coconut
    • Breathing roots (pneumatophores) help plants in wet, salty areas get oxygen. Examples: mangrove plants
    • Climbing roots help plants climb, like in betel, black pepper, and money plant
    • Parasitic roots get nutrients from other plants like dodder

    Parts of a Plant: Stem

    • The stem connects the roots to the rest of the plant, supporting it and transporting nutrients
    • Stems have nodes (where leaves, branches, or buds grow) and internodes (the space between nodes).
    • The apical bud is at the tip of the stem and responsible for growth, while axillary buds (at the nodes) grow into leaves, stems, or additional buds

    Parts of a Plant: Modifications of Stems

    • Stems can be modified for food storage like in ginger, potato, onion
    • Stems can be modified into tendrils to support climbing plants (e.g., grapevine, cucumber)

    Parts of a Plant: Leaves

    • Leaves come in different shapes and colours and are responsible for food production (photosynthesis)
    • Leaves have veins for support and transport of water, minerals and food
    • Two main types of leaf venation: reticulate (net-like) and parallel (parallel lines)
    • Leaves can be modified for water storage, food manufacture (cactus-like), and protection (thorns)

    Parts of a Plant: Functions of Leaves

    • Leaves produce food through photosynthesis
    • Leaves absorb gases (carbon dioxide, oxygen) through stomata
    • Leaves lose water through transpiration

    Parts of a Plant: Flowers

    • Flowers are the colourful and fragrant reproductive parts of plants
    • A flower has male parts (stamens) – filament and anther, and female parts (pistil) – stigma, style, and ovary
    • Petal- bright colored part of the flower that attracts insects for pollination with scents and colors
    • Sepals and pedicel
    • Thalamus
    • Structure of a flower

    Parts of a Plant: Pollination

    • Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of a flower
    • Flowers are helped by pollinating agents like insects, birds, wind, and water
    • Two types of pollination: self-pollination (pollen to the same or other flower on the same plant) and cross-pollination (pollen to a different plant)

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    Description

    Explore the fascinating world of plants with this quiz focused on their classifications and root systems. Learn about the different types of plants, such as trees, shrubs, herbs, creepers, and climbers, as well as the characteristics of their root systems. Test your knowledge and discover more about the green wonders around us.

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