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Questions and Answers
What are the main components of higher plants as mentioned?
What are the main components of higher plants as mentioned?
- Trunks, branches, and leaves
- Roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits (correct)
- Bulbs, tubers, and roots
- Seeds, flowers, and fruits
Which type of root system is typically found in dicotyledonous plants?
Which type of root system is typically found in dicotyledonous plants?
- Tap root system (correct)
- Adventitious root system
- Aerial root system
- Fibrous root system
In monocotyledonous plants, what happens to the primary root?
In monocotyledonous plants, what happens to the primary root?
- It is long-lived and continues to grow.
- It is short-lived and replaced by other roots. (correct)
- It becomes the largest root in the system.
- It develops into several primary roots.
What characterizes adventitious roots?
What characterizes adventitious roots?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the root system?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the root system?
What defines the structure of the fibrous root system?
What defines the structure of the fibrous root system?
Which adaptation can be found in weeds regarding their root, stem, and leaf structure?
Which adaptation can be found in weeds regarding their root, stem, and leaf structure?
What is the first structure that develops from the radicle in majority of dicotyledonous plants?
What is the first structure that develops from the radicle in majority of dicotyledonous plants?
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Study Notes
Plant Structure and Classification
- Angiosperms exhibit significant diversity in morphology but share common characteristics: roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits.
- Understanding technical terms and standard definitions is essential for the classification of higher plants and living organisms.
- Variations in plant parts arise as adaptations to environmental conditions—examples include adjustments for climbing, protection, and storage.
Root System Overview
- The root system consists of underground parts of the flowering plant, while the shoot system includes all above-ground structures.
Dicotyledonous Plants
- In dicots, the primary root forms from the elongation of the radicle and develops lateral roots, resulting in a tap root system seen in species like mustard.
Monocotyledonous Plants
- In monocots, the primary root is ephemeral and replaced by numerous roots that emerge from the stem's base, forming a fibrous root system exemplified by wheat.
Adventitious Roots
- Some plants, including grass, Monstera, and banyan trees, produce roots from parts other than the radicle, known as adventitious roots.
Functions of Root Systems
- Main functions of root systems include:
- Absorption of water and minerals from the soil.
- Providing stability and anchorage to the plant.
- Storing reserve food materials.
- Synthesizing plant growth regulators.
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