Plantation Crops and Employment Generation Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which institution is responsible for research on coconut in Kasargode, Kerala?

  • CPCRI, Regional Research Station, Vittal, Karnataka (correct)
  • Rubber Research Institute of India, Kottayam, Kerala
  • National Research Centre, Elur, Pedavegi, Andhra Pradesh
  • Central Coffee Research Institute, Balehonnur, Karnataka
  • What is the total area of plantation crops in India based on the provided information?

  • Area'000 ha
  • 4.21 ha
  • 3880 ha (correct)
  • 16368 ha
  • Where is the Tea Research Institute located according to the text?

  • Vittal, Karnataka
  • Valparai, Tamil Nadu (correct)
  • Balehonnur, Karnataka
  • Puttur, Karnataka
  • Which crop is researched by the Central Coffee Research Institute in Balehonnur, Karnataka?

    <p>Coffee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which state hosts the Directorate of Cashew Research according to the text?

    <p>Karnataka</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total employment provided by the tea industry and cashew processing factories combined?

    <p>20 lakhs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which industry uses coconut husk to produce coir fiber?

    <p>Plantation industry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of crops provide year-round gainful employment on the farm and factories?

    <p>Plantation crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is there ample scope for expansion of area in plantation crops according to the text?

    <p>North Eastern States</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the Central Plantation Crop Research Institute (CPCRI) mentioned in the text located?

    <p>Kasargod, Kerala</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of total agricultural commodities comes from the export of plantation crops?

    <p>27%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of crops are mainly consumed directly in fresh form?

    <p>Plantation crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do tea and cashew plantations help protect the land?

    <p>Preventing soil erosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the necessity of training and pruning in plantation crops compared to fruit crops?

    <p>Less in plantation crops, more in fruit crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does cashew cultivation provide employment for?

    <p>2 lakhs farmers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of crops have comparatively higher export potential mentioned in the text?

    <p>Plantation crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of fruit crops mentioned in the text regarding perishability?

    <p>Perishable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines plantation crops?

    <p>Crops cultivated on a large scale in a contiguous area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the adoption of intensive cultivation hindered in the plantation crop sector in India?

    <p>Most of the land is held in small holdings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of total export earnings do plantation crops contribute to the Indian economy?

    <p>27%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a plantation crop in the text?

    <p>Wheat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of growers have holdings below ten hectares in the case of coffee cultivation?

    <p>97.13%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country leads in the total production share of tea among the plantation crops?

    <p>India</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Plantation Crops

    • Plantation crops refer to crops cultivated on a large scale in a contiguous area, owned and managed by an individual or company, including tea, coffee, rubber, cocoa, coconut, arecanut, oil palm, palmyrah, cashew, and cinchona.
    • These crops are high-value commercial crops of greater economic importance and play a vital role in the Indian economy.

    Characteristics of Plantation Crops

    • Major portion of the area is of small holdings (except tea), which hinders the adoption of intensive cultivation.
    • In coffee, 97.13% of growers have holdings below ten hectares, and in rubber, 82% of the total area is of small holdings with an average size of 0.5 ha.

    Importance of Plantation Crops

    • Contribute to national economy by way of export earnings, accounting for around 27% of total agricultural commodities and 4.8% of total export.
    • India is the leading country in the total production of certain plantation crops in the world, such as tea, cashew, and arecanut.
    • Provide direct and indirect employment to many millions of people, for example, the tea industry offers direct employment to 10 lakhs and indirect employment to 10 lakh people.
    • Support many by-product industries and rural industries, for example, coconut husk is used to produce coir fiber annually to a tune of 2,19,600 tones in India.
    • Help conserve the soil and ecosystem, for example, tea planted in hill slopes and cashew in barren and waste lands protect the land from soil erosion.

    Scope for Plantation Crops

    • Expansion in non-traditional areas, such as North Eastern States, where there is irrigation potential.
    • Export potential, as plantation crops earn foreign exchange, and products and by-products have export prospects and considerable internal demand.
    • Employment generation, as cultivation of plantation crops provides year-round gainful employment on the farm and factories.
    • Crop diversification, providing ample scope for diversification and sustainable agriculture.
    • Availability of technology and yield gap, with considerable information on recent technologies available for these crops.

    Comparison between Plantation Crops and Fruit Crops

    • Climate: Tropical mainly between 20° N and 20° S Latitude for plantation crops, and tropics, subtropics, and temperate for fruit crops.
    • Necessity of training and pruning: Less for plantation crops and more for fruit crops.
    • Suitability for processing: Major portion of plantation crops is processed, whereas fruit crops are mostly consumed directly in fresh form.
    • Perishability: Less or not perishable for plantation crops, and perishable for fruit crops.
    • Export potential: Comparatively high for plantation crops, and some portion of fruits and preserved products are exported.

    Status of Plantation Crops in India

    • Total area: 3880 '000 ha
    • Total production: 16368 '000
    • Productivity: 4.21

    Important Research Stations on Plantation and Beverage Crops

    • Coconut: Central Plantation Crop Research Institute, Kasargod, Kerala
    • Arecanut: CPCRI, Regional Research Station, Vittal, Karnataka
    • Cocoa: CPCRI, Regional Research Station, Vittal, Karnataka
    • Rubber: Rubber Research Institute of India, Kottayam, Kerala
    • Cashew: Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur, Karnataka
    • Oil Palm: National Research Centre, Elur, Pedavegi, Andhra Pradesh
    • Palmyrah: Srivaliputtur, Tamil Nadu
    • Tea: Tea Research Institute, United Planters Association of South India (UPASI), Valparai, Tamil Nadu
    • Coffee: Central Coffee Research Institute, Balehonnur, Karnataka

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on how cultivation of plantation crops leads to year-round gainful employment, such as the case of Coconut in Kerala. Explore the benefits of crop diversification and the availability of technology in improving yield gaps.

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