10 Questions
Fruit breeding aims to improve the ______ of plants so that they became more desirable agronomically and economically.
characteristic
Planned hybridization and clonal selections have been attempted in a number of ______ crops.
fruit
Fruit breeding deals with the genetic improvement of ______ plants.
crop
In future, search for desired ______, critical study of inheritance pattern and use of biotechnological tools require due attention.
gene
Plant/Fruit breeding is the art and science of improving the ______ of plants for the benefit of mankind.
heredity
Systematic and dedicated efforts are still required for the development of ideal ______ through modern tools in fruit crops.
varieties
The term Fruit Breeding is the manipulation of a biological system that requires many ______ to achieve results.
generations
Fruit breeding is the science of changing and improving the ______ of plants.
heredity
Plant breeding aims to improve the characteristic of plants so that they became more desirable ______ and economically.
agronomically
Fruit breeding can be defined as an art, a science, and ______ of improving the genetic make up of plants in relation to their economic use for mankind.
technology
Study Notes
Major Problems in Fruit Breeding
- Fruit crops have a long generation cycle, ranging from 2-10 years, depending on the species and cultivars.
- Most fruit crops have a long juvenile period, making it difficult to assess strains early.
- Fruit species are highly heterozygous, requiring large populations for effective selection.
- Many fruit species are polyploid in nature.
- Polyembryony is a characteristic of some fruit species, such as citrus and mango.
- Some fruit species exhibit parthenocarpy and seedlessness.
- Sexual incompatibility is a problem in some fruit species.
- A large number of chromosomes in some fruit species hinders genetic analysis.
- Excessive fruit drop is a common issue in fruit crops.
- Single-seed fruits require more crosses.
Objectives of Plant/Fruit Breeding
- The primary objective of fruit breeding is to achieve maximum quality production per unit area with low cost and minimal biotic and abiotic stresses.
- Higher yield is a key objective, achievable through evolving high-yielding varieties or hybrids.
- Improved quality of produce/fruit is another important objective.
- Fruit breeding aims to develop varieties resistant to abiotic factors such as drought, soil salinity, and extreme temperatures.
- Developing varieties resistant to biotic factors such as diseases and insects is also an objective.
- Changing the maturity duration or earliness is desirable, as it has several advantages.
- Desirable agronomic characteristics, such as plant height and branching, are also important objectives.
- Eliminating toxic substances from crops to make them safe for human consumption is an objective.
- Synchronous maturity is a desired trait in fruit crops.
Definition of Fruit Breeding
- Fruit breeding is the manipulation of a biological system that requires many generations to achieve results.
- It is a dynamic, exciting, and challenging profession that operates under continually changing conditions.
- Fruit breeding can be defined as an art, a science, and technology of improving the genetic makeup of plants for their economic use.
Aim of Plant Breeding
- The aim of plant breeding is to improve the characteristics of plants, making them more desirable agronomically and economically.
Learn about the major problems in fruit breeding, including long generation cycles and juvenile periods, and their impact on crop development. This quiz covers key concepts in fruit and plantation crop breeding, specifically designed for B.Sc 2nd Year students.
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