Plant Tissues - Permanent Tissues

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of chlorenchyma in plants?

  • Photosynthesis (correct)
  • Gaseous exchange
  • Structural support
  • Water storage

Which type of parenchyma is specifically adapted to facilitate buoyancy in hydrophytes?

  • Storage parenchyma
  • Phloem parenchyma
  • Xylem parenchyma
  • Aerenchyma (correct)

What characteristic distinguishes prosenchyma from other types of parenchymatous tissue?

  • Large air cavities
  • Elongated and thick-walled cells (correct)
  • Presence of chloroplasts
  • Vacuolated cells

What is the main function of storage parenchyma in plants?

<p>Stores food and nutrients (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of parenchyma cell is responsible for conducting food throughout the plant?

<p>Phloem parenchyma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parenchymatous tissue is characterized by a thick cell wall and small size?

<p>Xylem parenchyma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primary role does epidermis parenchyma serve in plants?

<p>Protects against environmental stress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a type of parenchymatous tissue according to their function?

<p>Parenchyma vascularis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of parenchyma contains large vacuolated cells?

<p>Storage parenchyma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of parenchymatous cell is commonly found in the mesophyll zone of leaves?

<p>Chlorenchyma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structural characteristic of prosenchyma cells?

<p>They possess elongated cells with thickened walls. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parenchyma type primarily participates in photosynthesis?

<p>Chlorenchyma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining feature of aerenchyma cells?

<p>They contain large air-filled intercellular spaces. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function does storage parenchyma primarily serve?

<p>Storing water, minerals, and nutrients. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of epidermis parenchyma?

<p>Providing protection against environmental stress. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of parenchyma is known for facilitating the conduction of water and minerals?

<p>Xylem parenchyma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of parenchyma possesses a cutinized cell wall?

<p>Epidermis parenchyma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type is specifically classified as 'air storing parenchyma'?

<p>Aerenchyma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is associated with phloem parenchyma?

<p>Elongated and thin walled. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding chlorenchyma?

<p>It contains chloroplasts for photosynthesis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes prosenchyma from other types of parenchymatous tissue?

<p>It possesses elongated cells with a thickened wall. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of parenchyma primarily aids in gaseous exchange?

<p>Aerenchyma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parenchyma type serves the specific function of food storage within plant tissues?

<p>Storage parenchyma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature best describes chlorenchyma?

<p>It contains chloroplasts for photosynthesis. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of parenchyma is primarily responsible for supporting plant rigidity?

<p>Prosenchyma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the function of xylem parenchyma?

<p>It assists in the conduction of water and minerals. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of epidermis parenchyma in plants?

<p>To protect the plant from environmental stress. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of parenchyma primarily facilitates the conduction of food prepared by leaves?

<p>Phloem parenchyma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is associated with storage parenchyma?

<p>Is composed of large vacuolated cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature distinguishes aerenchyma from the other types of parenchymatous tissues?

<p>It consists of intercellular spaces for air storage. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Chlorenchyma

Parenchyma cells with chloroplasts for photosynthesis.

Aerenchyma

Parenchyma with large air spaces for gas exchange and buoyancy in aquatic plants.

Prosenchyma

Parenchyma cells specialized for support, elongated with thickened walls.

Storage parenchyma

Parenchyma for storing water, minerals, and food in large vacuoles.

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Xylem parenchyma

Parenchyma cells in xylem for water and mineral transport. They have small size, thick wall.

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Phloem parenchyma

Parenchyma cells in phloem for transporting food; elongated and thin walls.

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Epidermis parenchyma

Parenchyma cells that protect the epidermis; elongated and with a cuticle.

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Mesophyll cells

Specialized parenchymal cells in leaves, divided into palisade and spongy cells.

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Assimilatory parenchyma

Parenchyma involved in food production through photosynthesis (chlorenchyma).

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Air storing parenchyma

Parenchyma with intercellular spaces for storage of air (Aerenchyma).

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What is the function of chlorophyll?

It's the green pigment in plants that absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis, converting it into energy.

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What are palisade cells?

They are elongated, tightly packed mesophyll cells in leaves that are specialized for maximum light absorption during photosynthesis.

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What are spongy cells?

These mesophyll cells in leaves have loose arrangement and large air spaces for gas exchange during photosynthesis.

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What types of tissues contain parenchyma?

Parenchyma is found in all major plant tissues: xylem, phloem, and epidermis. They perform various functions within these tissues.

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How does aerenchyma help aquatic plants?

Aerenchyma is a specialized parenchyma with large air spaces. It helps aquatic plants float and exchange gases efficiently in water.

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What are prosenchyma cells?

They are elongated, pointed parenchymal cells with thick walls for plant support and conduction.

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What does 'thickened cell wall' mean for parenchyma?

Thicker cell walls usually mean the parenchyma is specialized for support or storing larger quantities of material.

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What are the key characteristics of storage parenchyma?

They are large, vacuolated cells with thick walls, specializing in storing water, minerals, and food.

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How does phloem parenchyma help with food transport?

It facilitates the movement of sugars and other food substances produced in the leaves, often through elongated cells with thin walls.

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What is the main function of epidermis parenchyma?

It provides protection for the plant against environmental stresses, often with a cutinized cell wall to prevent water loss.

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What are parenchymatous tissues?

Parenchymatous tissues are simple tissues made up of thin-walled, living cells with a large central vacuole. They perform various functions within plants.

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Types of parenchyma based on function

Parenchyma cells are classified into different types based on their specific functions, such as photosynthesis, gas exchange, storage, and support.

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Study Notes

Plant Tissues - Permanent Tissues

  • Plant tissues are categorized into three main types: Dermal, Ground, and Vascular.
  • Dermal tissue forms the outer protective layer of the plant
  • Ground tissue forms the bulk of the plant's interior and is involved in photosynthesis, storage, and support
  • Vascular tissue transports water, minerals, and sugars throughout the plant.

Parenchyma Tissues

  • Parenchyma tissues are a type of ground tissue and are further categorized by function.
  • Chlorenchyma: Contains chloroplasts for photosynthesis; found in the mesophyll layers of leaves, sepals, and phyllodes.
  • Aerenchyma: Contains large air spaces for gas exchange; common in roots, stems, and leaves of hydrophytes (plants that grow in water). Facilitates gaseous exchange and helps in buoyancy.
  • Prosenchyma: Elongated cells with thick walls and little protoplasm; provides rigidity and support.
  • Storage parenchyma: Stores water, minerals, sugars, proteins, and oil droplets. The cell walls of storage parenchyma are generally thick due to hemicellulose deposition. Helps in the storage of food.
  • Xylem parenchyma: Small size and thick cell walls; involved in water and mineral conduction.
  • Phloem parenchyma: Elongated cells and thin cell walls; involved in conducting food prepared by the leaves.
  • Epidermal parenchyma: Zero intercellular space with elongated cells, cutinized cell walls, or cuticles enclosing a single-layered epidermis. Protects plant in counter to environmental stress.

Parenchyma Tissue Shape and Arrangement

  • Oval/Loose parenchyma: Irregular, loosely arranged, oval-shaped cells with more intercellular space. Found in the inner cortex of the stem.
  • Angular/Intact parenchyma: Polygonal shaped cells, with intact arrangement and small or no intercellular spaces. Found in the outer cortex of the root.

Diagrams and Images

  • Diagrams show various types of parenchyma, cross-sections of stems and leaves, and specific cell structures.
  • Images include microscopic views illustrating intercellular spaces and cell arrangements within parenchyma tissues.

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