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Plant Tissue Culture Overview
40 Questions
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Plant Tissue Culture Overview

Created by
@ImaginativeMoscovium240

Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of Dr. Ramon Barba's research?

  • Induction of mango flowering (correct)
  • Tissue culture techniques for anthuriums
  • Development of abaca
  • Micropropagation of orchids

    • Which type of tissue culture is primarily used for the production of strawberries?

  • Callus culture
  • Meristem culture (correct)
  • Seed culture
  • Somatic embryogenesis

    • What is a characteristic feature of organ cultures in tissue culture?

  • Complete plantlets are formed.
  • Manipulation of cultural conditions maintains organization. (correct)
  • Individual tissue structures are isolated.
  • Only root structures are cultured.

    • What does the term 'cellular differentiation' refer to in plant development?

    <p>Transformation of cells into specialized cell types</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of structure formed in tissue culture?

    <p>Stem section culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes 'organized growth' in plant tissue culture?

    <p>Growth of specific plant organs preserved in culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tissue culture method involves the generation of new plants from cell aggregates?

    <p>Protoplast suspension culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the process of organogenesis refer to?

    <p>De novo formation of organs from tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of unorganized growth?

    <p>Often found in nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of culture is characterized by the formation of embryos from somatic cells?

    <p>Somatic embryogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a crop that is involved in tissue culture techniques for ornamentals?

    <p>Orchids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is a common application of tissue culture in fruit crops?

    <p>Micropropagation to replace vegetative propagation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of culture is specifically aimed at rescuing embryos?

    <p>Embryo culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What encompasses the gradual changes from a zygote to a mature reproductive plant?

    <p>Plant development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main feature of the micropropagation technique developed by Dr. Helen Valmayor?

    <p>Micropropagation of orchids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of culture focuses on the growth of isolated plant organs?

    <p>Organ culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term totipotency refer to in plant cells?

    <p>The potential of a plant cell to develop into an entire plant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of culture involves growing seeds in orchids?

    <p>Culture of intact plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is de-differentiation in the context of plant cells?

    <p>The ability of mature cells to return to a meristematic state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of plant tissue culture facilities as specified by the Philippine Agricultural Structures?

    <p>To specify minimum requirements for producing quality planting materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the process of redifferentiation?

    <p>The ability of cells to form new organs from undifferentiated tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about determination in plant cells is true?

    <p>Cells become irreversibly committed to a specific developmental pathway.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term micropropagation refer to?

    <p>The cultivation of plant parts in vitro under controlled conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following terms is used to describe the innate potential of cells to develop in a particular pathway?

    <p>Competency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of meristem culture?

    <p>To eradicate viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which culture method is specifically intended for propagation and breeding?

    <p>Embryo culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In nodal culture, what part of the plant is used for culture initiation?

    <p>Single nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of protoplast culture?

    <p>Wall-less cells are involved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of culture begins with pieces of tissues and requires manipulation to create callus?

    <p>Callus culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique is used for germinating orchid seeds in tissue culture?

    <p>Seed culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of cell suspension culture?

    <p>To dissociate cells from each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Anther and pollen culture is usually conducted to obtain what type of cells?

    <p>Haploid cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the general procedures of plant tissue culture/micropropagation?

    <p>Isolation of plant part or explant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process leads to the formation of bipolar structures in plant tissue culture?

    <p>Embryogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes somatic embryogenesis from zygotic embryogenesis?

    <p>Somatic embryogenesis is initiated from a single cell or group of somatic cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes organogenesis during plant regeneration?

    <p>Initiation of axillary buds from cultured tips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of indirect regeneration?

    <p>It uses a callus as an intermediate stage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the typical developmental stages of embryos formed during somatic embryogenesis in monocots?

    <p>Globular, scutellar, and coleoptilar stages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes direct embryogenesis?

    <p>It involves direct formation of embryos from somatic cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following methods is NOT a mode of plant regeneration?

    <p>Photosynthetic regeneration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Plant Tissue Culture Overview

    • Plant Tissue Culture (PTC) refers to the in vitro cultivation of all plant parts in a controlled environment, facilitating micropropagation or clonal propagation.
    • Complies with standards laid out by the Philippine Agricultural Structures (PAES 416:2002) and follows Department Circular No. 03 (2020) for accreditation.

    Fundamental Abilities of Plants

    • Totipotency: A single plant cell can develop into a whole plant if appropriately stimulated, indicating all necessary genetic information is within the cell.
    • De-differentiation: Mature cells can revert to a meristematic status, allowing new growth points to form.
    • Competency and Determination: Competency refers to a cell's capacity to follow a certain developmental pathway, while determination is the irreversible commitment of cells to that pathway.

    Types of In Vitro Culture

    • Intact Plant Culture: For example, seed culture in orchids.
    • Organ Culture: Involves specific plant parts, such as shoots or roots, encouraging continued growth and development.

    Plant Development in Tissue Culture

    • Transformation from zygote to mature plant involves significant changes in size, structure, and function.
    • Development processes include:
      • Growth: An irreversible increase in size through cell division and enlargement.
      • Cellular Differentiation: Specialization of cells to perform specific functions.

    Types of Plant Growth In Vitro

    • Organized Growth: Maintains the structure of plant organs and follows the process of organogenesis when plant parts are cultured.
    • Unorganized Growth: Occurs when plant tissue lacks recognizable structure, leading to non-specific tissue formation.

    Applications of Tissue Culture Techniques

    • Utilized in horticultural crops, such as the micropropagation of various ornamental plants, including orchids and anthuriums.
    • Significant for fruit crops; most commercially produced strawberries begin from in vitro propagated plantlets.
    • Benefits plantation crops like date palms and pomegranates, enhancing cultivation techniques.

    Types of Tissue Culture Classifications

    • Plantlet Formation: Involves meristem culture and adventitious shoot formation.
    • Seedling Formation: Involves seed culture, embryo culture, and other related techniques.
    • Callus Formation: Uses callus culture and protoplast suspension culture.
    • Somatic Embryo Formation: Includes somatic embryogenesis and synthetic seed techniques.

    Organ Cultures

    • Isolate and culture specific plant organs, ensuring they remain organized throughout the process.
    • Types include shoot culture, nodal culture, and meristem culture, each serving distinct propagation purposes.

    Cell Culture and Other Techniques

    • Protoplast Culture: Isolated cells without cell walls that can synthesize new walls and possibly fuse for hybridization.
    • Embryo Culture: Aseptic culture of embryos for propagation and breeding.
    • Anther and Pollen Culture: Aims for haploid cell or callus development for breeding objectives.

    Procedures in Plant Tissue Culture

    • Isolation of explant from a plant.
    • Placement in suitable environmental conditions for incubation.
    • Plant regeneration can occur through somatic embryogenesis or organogenesis.

    Modes of Plant Regeneration

    • Embryo Culture: Uses nutrient medium to culture zygotic embryos.
    • Organogenesis: Forms shoots from callus or cultured tips, maintaining a connection to the original tissue.
    • Somatic Embryogenesis: Generation of independent embryos from somatic cells.

    Embryogenesis Stages

    • The development of an embryo progresses through distinct stages: globular, scutellar, coleoptilar for monocots; globular, heart, torpedo, cotyledonary stages for dicots.

    Summary

    • Plant tissue culture techniques advance agricultural practices, offering innovative and efficient propagation methods that can enhance the quality and yield of various plant species.

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    2. PLANT TISSUE CULTURE.pptx

    Description

    Explore the fundamentals and techniques of Plant Tissue Culture (PTC) in this quiz. Learn about key concepts such as totipotency, de-differentiation, and the different types of in vitro culture. This overview also touches on compliance with relevant standards for agricultural practices.

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