Plant Disease Overview

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of plant diseases are caused by fungal or fungal-like organisms?

  • 65 percent
  • 50 percent
  • 85 percent (correct)
  • 90 percent

Which of the following is a biotic cause of plant disease?

  • Wind damage
  • Fungi (correct)
  • Frost
  • Soil compaction

What is the primary function of nematodes in relation to plant diseases?

  • Promoting plant growth
  • Distributing bacteria and fungi (correct)
  • Causing soil compaction
  • Increasing air pollution

Which of the following terms describes diseases that are non-infectious and result from environmental conditions?

<p>Abiotic diseases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions would NOT typically be classified as an abiotic cause of plant disease?

<p>Bacterial infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a plant disease?

<p>Abnormal growth and/or dysfunction of a plant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about abiotic diseases is true?

<p>They may include damage from environmental conditions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do nematodes play in relation to plant diseases?

<p>They help distribute bacteria and fungi through the soil. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of plant diseases are attributed to organisms other than fungi and fungal-like organisms?

<p>15 percent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which environmental condition could contribute to abiotic diseases?

<p>Soil compaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be a consequence of a plant disease on crop yield?

<p>Reduction in yield and quality (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the distinction between biotic and abiotic diseases?

<p>Biotic diseases are infectious, while abiotic diseases are non-infectious. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Plant Disease Definition

Abnormal growth and/or dysfunction of a plant, disrupting normal plant life processes.

Biotic Plant Disease Cause

Plant diseases caused by living organisms like fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes.

Abiotic Plant Disease Cause

Plant diseases caused by non-living environmental factors like soil issues, weather, or toxins.

Fungal Plant Diseases

Most common plant diseases, about 85%, caused by fungi or similar organisms.

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Nematodes in Plant Diseases

Tiny roundworms that are plant parasites and spread diseases through soil and roots.

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What causes plant diseases?

Plant diseases arise from disturbances in the normal functioning of a plant, often caused by living organisms (like fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes) or non-living environmental factors (like wind, frost, or soil compaction).

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Biotic Diseases

Diseases caused by living organisms such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes.

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Abiotic Diseases

Diseases caused by non-living environmental factors such as soil compaction, wind, frost, and soil salt damage.

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What percentage of plant diseases are caused by fungi?

Around 85% of plant diseases are caused by fungi or fungal-like organisms.

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Nematode Role

Nematodes are tiny roundworms that act as plant parasites and help spread bacteria and fungi through soil and roots.

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Abiotic Disease Examples

Examples of abiotic diseases include damage from air pollution, nutritional deficiencies or toxicities, and growth under less than optimal conditions.

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Plant Disease Impact

Plant diseases can affect the appearance or function of a plant, ultimately reducing yield and quality.

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What is a plant disease?

Any abnormal condition affecting the appearance or function of a plant, leading to disruptions in its regular processes.

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Study Notes

Plant Disease Definition

  • Plant disease is characterized by abnormal growth and/or dysfunction.
  • It's a disruption of normal plant life processes.
  • Diseases can stem from living or non-living agents.

Types of Plant Diseases

  • Biotic diseases: Caused by living organisms (e.g., fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes).
  • Abiotic diseases: Caused by non-living environmental factors (e.g., soil compaction, wind, frost, salt damage, girdling roots).

Characteristics of Plant Disease

  • Alters plant appearance or function.
  • Affects various plant processes.
  • May reduce crop yield and quality.

Prevalence of Disease Types

  • Approximately 85% of plant diseases are caused by fungi or fungal-like organisms.
  • Other significant diseases affect food and feed crops from viruses and bacteria.
  • Certain nematodes also cause plant diseases.

Abiotic Disease Description

  • Abiotic diseases are non-infectious.
  • They result from various environmental factors like air pollution, nutrient deficiencies, toxicities, and suboptimal growing conditions.

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