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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of lysosomes in a cell?
What is the primary function of lysosomes in a cell?
- Store water and nutrients
- Synthesize proteins for the cell
- Break down worn-out or damaged tissue (correct)
- Transport substances within the cell
Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of lipids?
Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of lipids?
- Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Ribosomes
- Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (correct)
- Mitochondria
How do rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum differ?
How do rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum differ?
- Smooth ER is found only in plant cells.
- Rough ER contains enzymes while Smooth ER does not.
- Rough ER is involved in protein synthesis, Smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis. (correct)
- Rough ER lacks membranes while Smooth ER has membranes.
What distinguishes chloroplasts from chromoplasts in plant cells?
What distinguishes chloroplasts from chromoplasts in plant cells?
Which statement about mitochondria is correct?
Which statement about mitochondria is correct?
Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing ribosomes?
Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing ribosomes?
What is the main function of the cell wall in a plant cell?
What is the main function of the cell wall in a plant cell?
Which statement about the centrosome is correct?
Which statement about the centrosome is correct?
What distinguishes the vacuole in a plant cell from that in an animal cell?
What distinguishes the vacuole in a plant cell from that in an animal cell?
Which component within the cell membrane is crucial for maintaining its structure?
Which component within the cell membrane is crucial for maintaining its structure?
What are the primary components of the cytoplasm?
What are the primary components of the cytoplasm?
Which of the following organelles is found in animal cells but not in plant cells?
Which of the following organelles is found in animal cells but not in plant cells?
What role do centrioles play in the cell?
What role do centrioles play in the cell?
Flashcards
What are lysosomes?
What are lysosomes?
Small, round membranous vesicles containing digestive enzymes that break down worn-out, damaged, or unnecessary tissue.
What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
A network of membranous canaliculi attached to the nucleus or plasma membrane that forms an internal transporting system.
What is rough ER?
What is rough ER?
Has ribosomes attached and is involved in protein synthesis, making changes to proteins, and forming new membrane.
What is smooth ER?
What is smooth ER?
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What are vacuoles?
What are vacuoles?
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What is the cell wall?
What is the cell wall?
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What is the cell membrane?
What is the cell membrane?
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What is the nucleus?
What is the nucleus?
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What is the cytoplasm?
What is the cytoplasm?
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What is the mitochondria?
What is the mitochondria?
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What is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
What is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
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What is the Golgi apparatus?
What is the Golgi apparatus?
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Study Notes
Plant Cell vs Animal Cell Comparison
- Plant cells have a cell wall, animal cells do not
- Both plant and animal cells have a cell membrane
- Both types of cells contain a nucleus
- Both plant and animal cells have cytoplasm
- Both plant and animal cells have mitochondria
- Both plant and animal cells have endoplasmic reticulum
- Both plant and animal cells have Golgi bodies
- Both plant and animal cells have ribosomes
- Plant cells have one large central vacuole, animal cells have many small vacuoles
- Plant cells contain plastids, animal cells do not
- Plant cells lack a centrosome, animal cells have a centrosome
Cell Wall
- Composed of cellulose
- Supports and protects the plant cell
- Allows passage of water and dissolved substances due to pitted structure
Cell Membrane
- Surrounds the cytoplasm
- Phospholipid bilayer (hydrophilic head, hydrophobic tail)
- Contains proteins for cell identification and transport
- Maintains cell integrity and regulates substance passage
Nucleus
- Spherical or oval shape
- Controls cell functions
- Contains the nucleolus (ribosome synthesis)
- Contains chromatin (coiled chromosomes)
- Chromosomes are visible during cell division as two chromatids joined by centromeres
Cytoplasm
- Fluid substance containing water and inorganic salts
- Contains the cytoskeleton for support and shape
- Contains organelles (membranous and non-membranous)
- Allows passage and transport of substances
Mitochondria
- Contain respiratory enzymes
- Storehouse of ATP (energy)
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
- Network of canals/membranes
- Attached to the nucleus
- Forms internal transport system
- Rough ER has ribosomes for protein synthesis
- Smooth ER for lipid synthesis and detoxification
Ribosomes
- Non-membranous organelles involved in protein synthesis
- Found in animal cells (except nerve cells) and plant cells
Golgi Body
- Flat membranous sacs
- Number differs based on cell secretion activity
- Receives, modifies, and packages cellular substances
Lysosomes
- Small vesicle containing digestive enzymes
- Breaks down damaged or worn-out cell parts
Vacuoles
- Membranous sacs containing fluid
- Small and numerous in animal cells
- Large central vacuole in plant cells for water storage
Plastids
- Plant cell organelles including chloroplasts, chromoplasts and leucoplasts
- Chloroplasts: contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis
- Chromoplasts: give color to fruits and flowers
- Leucoplast: store starch
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Description
Test your knowledge on the differences and similarities between plant and animal cells. This quiz covers essential features such as cell walls, vacuoles, and organelles. Explore how these cells function and their unique characteristics.
