Plant Cell Organelles Quiz

Organelles found in plant cells responsible for storing pigments, particularly those responsible for red, orange, or yellow colors.

Organelles responsible for energy conversion in eukaryotic cells.

A type of plastid responsible for photosynthesis, the process of using sunlight to produce energy.

Organelles responsible for cellular respiration, the process of converting food into energy.

The chemical energy stored in food molecules is converted into a usable form of energy for the cell, usually ATP.

The ability of chloroplasts and mitochondria to grow and reproduce independently within a cell.

The shape of a chloroplast, which is typically oval-shaped.

Chloroplasts are surrounded by a double membrane, which is a protective layer that separates the organelle from the rest of the cell.

A sac-like structure found within chloroplasts, where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur.

A stack of thylakoids in a chloroplast, resembling a pile of coins.

The double membrane that surrounds a chloroplast, separating it from the rest of the cell.

Chloroplasts contain their own small DNA that encodes for proteins used in photosynthesis.

Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, the process of using sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

A process where one organism lives inside another, benefiting both. This is how mitochondria and chloroplasts likely evolved.

Green pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis.

Pigments in chloroplasts, besides chlorophyll, that help capture light energy.

Reactions that break down food molecules to release energy in the form of ATP.

The process of converting chemical energy from food into a usable form of energy, primarily ATP.

Organelles found in eukaryotic cells that are responsible for cellular respiration, the process of converting food into energy.

Small, round organelles that are the site of protein synthesis in cells.

Microscopic single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

Aerobic respiration is a process where food molecules like glucose are broken down to release energy. Carbon and oxygen are removed from these molecules and converted into carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).

Mitochondria are organelles in cells that are responsible for aerobic respiration. They are enclosed by a double membrane, which creates two separate compartments within the organelle.

The inner membrane of the mitochondrion is folded into cristae, which increase the surface area for the chemical reactions of respiration to take place.

Mitochondria contain their own DNA called mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) which is separate from the cell's main DNA in the nucleus. mtDNA helps the mitochondrion to produce its own proteins needed for respiration.

The matrix is the inner compartment of the mitochondrion enclosed by the inner membrane. It contains enzymes and the molecules needed for the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.