Plant Cell Organelles Flashcards

Study Notes

Plant Cell Organelles

Cell Membrane: Regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis.
Cytoplasm: Gel-like fluid that fills the interior of the cell, providing a medium for chemical reactions and housing organelles.
Nuclear Membrane: Double-layered membrane that encloses the nucleus, controlling the passage of materials such as RNA and proteins.
Nucleus: Central organelle that serves as the command center, containing genetic material (DNA) and coordinating activities like growth and reproduction.
Ribosome: Non-membrane-bound structure that synthesizes proteins by translating messenger RNA, essential for cell function and metabolism.
Cell Wall: Strong, protective outer layer that provides shape and support to the plant cell, composed mainly of cellulose.
Chloroplast: Organelles that conduct photosynthesis by capturing sunlight, converting it into chemical energy in the form of glucose.
Vacuole: Large storage sac within plant cells, used for storing nutrients, waste products, and helping maintain turgor pressure for structural support.
Lytic Vacuole: Functions like lysosomes in animal cells, involved in digestion and waste removal, specifically found in plant cells.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER): Network of membranes involved in lipid synthesis, detoxification, and transport of materials within the cell.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER): Studded with ribosomes, it plays a crucial role in the synthesis and processing of proteins and enzymes.
Mitochondria: Referred to as the "powerhouse of the cell," it generates ATP through cellular respiration, converting sugar into usable energy.
Golgi Apparatus: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles, critical for cell communication and transport.

Description

Test your knowledge of plant cell organelles with this set of flashcards. Learn key terms such as cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus, and understand their definitions and functions. This is a great tool for students studying biology.