Plant Biology and Biodiversity Assessment
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Questions and Answers

What does the lab have?

  • A single test on Curol synthesis
  • Seven tests that look at various plant characteristics (correct)
  • Comparative analysis of animal species
  • Four tests focusing on structural characteristics

    • What are the structural characteristics of plants?

    Test 1

    What are the structural characteristics of seeds?

    Test 2

    What does Test 3 analyze?

    <p>Microscopic internal structures of stems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Test 4?

    <p>Paper chromatography to separate plant pigments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates the presence of enzyme M in Test 5?

    <p>Fizz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Test 6 utilize to compare DNA?

    <p>Stimulated gel electrophoresis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Botana curus is a?

    <p>Fictitious plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does gel electrophoresis do?

    <p>Separates DNA into fragments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of restriction enzymes?

    <p>Cuts the DNA into fragments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    DNA is a _________ charged molecule.

    <p>negatively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During gel electrophoresis, DNA is put into ______.

    <p>wells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Longer strands of DNA would stay towards ________ while shorter strands of DNA would stay toward ___________.

    <p>negative pole, positive pole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The DNA separates by _______.

    <p>size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Test 7 provide evidence for?

    <p>Molecular evidence for relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Transcription?

    <p>DNA ➡ RNA for mRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Translation?

    <p>RNA ➡ for amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What species was found to be most similar to Botana curus?

    <p>Species Z</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an evolutionary tree show?

    <p>Similarities and differences through genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another term for an evolutionary tree?

    <p>Cladogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of evidence is most helpful for making decisions about relationships between species?

    <p>Molecular evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What similarities do the four species share?

    <p>Paper chromatography, amino acid sequence (starts with VAL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Provide a biological answer for why the plants have similar characteristics.

    <p>All the plants could have similar characteristics because they all originated from the same plant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some threats to Botana curus?

    <p>Pollution, over harvesting and invasive species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List important reasons to preserve Botana curus.

    <p>Produces curol, other species may depend on it and stability in the ecosystem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of value does Botana curus have?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are arguments against preserving Botana curus?

    <p>Other plants can make curol; it takes a long time to grow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is Botana curus considered a valuable plant?

    <p>Botana curus produces curol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is curol?

    <p>Curol is a chemical produced by Botana curus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does curol do?

    <p>It treats a type of cancer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is Botana curus a problem?

    <p>It grows slowly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can we produce Botana curus in the lab?

    <p>No</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is Botana curus limited?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is Botana curus considered an endangered species?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of evidence will be collected to compare species X, Y, and Z to Botana curus?

    <p>Structural and molecular evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes molecular evidence?

    <p>DNA, amino acids, gel electrophoresis results.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the objective with Botana curus?

    <p>Compare the characteristics of Botana curus to species X, Y, and Z.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Lab Overview

    • Conducts seven tests assessing physical, chemical, and microscopic characteristics of plants potentially creating Curol.
    • Aims to illustrate the importance of biodiversity through data comparisons.

    Test Summaries

    • Test 1: Evaluates structural characteristics of plants.
    • Test 2: Examines structural characteristics of seeds.
    • Test 3: Analyzes microscopic internal structures of stems.
    • Test 4: Uses paper chromatography to separate plant pigments.
    • Test 5: Indicator tests detect presence of enzyme M, indicated by fizzing.
    • Test 6: Employs simulated gel electrophoresis for DNA comparison.
    • Test 7: Investigates molecular evidence for interspecies relationships.

    Key Concepts

    • Botana curus is a fictitious plant significant for studies.
    • Gel electrophoresis divides DNA into fragments, allowing analysis.
    • Restriction enzymes cut DNA, facilitating fragment separation.
    • DNA is a negatively charged molecule, impacting its movement in electrophoresis.
    • In gel electrophoresis, DNA is placed in wells for testing.

    DNA Behavior in Electrophoresis

    • Longer DNA strands remain near the negative pole; shorter strands migrate toward the positive pole.
    • DNA separation occurs based on size, aiding in genetic analysis.

    Genetic Analysis Techniques

    • Transcription converts DNA to RNA for mRNA synthesis.
    • Translation processes RNA into amino acids, forming proteins.
    • Analysis revealed that Species Z shares the most similarities with Botana curus across tests.

    Phylogenetics

    • An evolutionary tree illustrates genetic similarities and differences and is also known as a cladogram.
    • Molecular evidence is crucial for determining species relationships, revealing potential for distinct cellular makeups despite similar traits.

    Conservation Aspects

    • All four studied species share similarities in paper chromatography and amino acid sequences, beginning with VAL.
    • Possible shared characteristics stem from a common ancestral plant.
    • Threats to Botana curus include pollution, overharvesting, and invasive species.
    • Preservation of Botana curus is vital due to its production of Curol and its role in ecosystem stability.

    Value of Botana curus

    • Recognized for its medicinal, agricultural, and ecological value.
    • Arguments against preservation suggest availability of alternative plants for Curol production and its slow growth rate.
    • Valued for producing Curol, which is used in cancer treatment.

    Conservation Status

    • Botana curus grows slowly, complicating its production in labs, rendering it limited and classified as endangered.

    Research Objectives

    • Collect both structural and molecular evidence to compare Botana curus with species X, Y, and Z.
    • Molecular evidence includes DNA, amino acids, and gel electrophoresis results.
    • Comparative studies are geared towards understanding characteristics of Botana curus relative to other species.

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    Description

    This quiz evaluates knowledge on the physical, chemical, and microscopic tests conducted on plants, particularly focusing on a fictitious plant, Botana curus. Participants will explore various testing methods and their implications for understanding biodiversity.

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