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Questions and Answers
Which plant tissue is responsible for conducting water, nutrients, and sugars throughout the plant?
What is the main function of xylem in a plant?
Which cell organelle is responsible for synthesizing proteins?
Where is the apical meristem located in a plant?
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Which cell component regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell?
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What is the main function of phloem in a plant?
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What is the main function of lateral roots?
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Where are the axillary buds located?
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What is the role of the root cap?
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What is the function of a petiole in a leaf structure?
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Which part of a flower contains ovules?
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What is the primary function of veins in a leaf?
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What is the primary function of the Golgi Apparatus in a cell?
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Where does aerobic respiration occur within a cell?
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Which organelle is responsible for regulating water balance by pumping out excess water in some protists?
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What is the main function of chloroplasts within a plant cell?
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What is the role of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum within a cell?
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Study Notes
Plant Tissue and Functions
- Xylem conducts water and nutrients from roots to other plant parts, facilitating hydration and nutrient uptake.
- Phloem transports sugars produced in photosynthesis from leaves to non-photosynthesizing tissues, ensuring energy distribution.
- Lateral roots enhance stability and absorb water and nutrients from the soil, increasing surface area for water uptake.
- The apical meristem is found at the tips of roots and shoots, responsible for the primary growth of the plant.
Cellular Structures and Processes
- Ribosomes are the cell organelles synthesizing proteins, essential for various cellular functions and activities.
- The cell membrane, a selective barrier, regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis.
- The Golgi Apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or use within the cell, playing a critical role in cellular logistics.
- Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria, where energy (ATP) is produced through the breakdown of glucose using oxygen.
Leaf and Flower Structures
- Axillary buds are located in the angles between the stems and leaves, capable of developing into new branches or flowers.
- The root cap protects the growing tip of the root and helps the root navigate through the soil as it grows.
- The petiole connects the leaf blade to the stem, supporting the leaf and facilitating the transport of nutrients and water.
- The ovules are contained within the ovary of a flower's pistil, involved in reproduction and seed formation.
Specialized Cell Functions
- Chloroplasts are the sites of photosynthesis within plant cells, converting sunlight into chemical energy stored as glucose.
- The Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is studded with ribosomes, facilitating the synthesis and processing of proteins destined for export or for use in membranes.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the structure and functions of the root and shoot systems in plants. Learn about primary roots, lateral roots, root hairs, root cap, stems, and their roles in anchoring the plant, absorbing nutrients and water, and transporting substances.
