Pituitary Gland Disorders and Parathyroid Disorders
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Questions and Answers

Where is the pituitary gland located?

  • Within the occipital bone
  • Within the frontal bone
  • Within the base of the brain in the sella turcica (correct)
  • Within the parietal bone

    • What structures are contiguous to the pituitary gland?

  • Cavernous sinuses and its contents (correct)
  • Optic nerve
  • Corpus callosum
  • Lateral ventricles

    • What synthesizes releasing and inhibiting hormones for the pituitary gland?

  • Thyroid gland
  • Pancreas
  • Hypothalamic neural cells (correct)
  • Adrenal gland

    • What is the blood supply of the pituitary gland derived from?

    <p>Superior and inferior hypophyseal arteries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following disorders is related to the posterior pituitary?

    <p>DI (Diabetes Insipidus) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of calcium hemostasis disorders?

    <p>Parathyroid gland disorders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is known as the 'Master gland'?

    <p>Growth hormone (GH) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of hypopituitarism?

    <p>Primary pituitary disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by postpartum pituitary necrosis with failure of lactation as an early sign?

    <p>Sheehan Syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What test is considered the gold standard for assessing growth hormone (GH) and adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) reserve?

    <p>Insulin tolerance test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main presentation of lymphocytic hypophysitis?

    <p>Inflammatory condition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the failure of a particular hormone level to rise after stimulation tests confirm?

    <p>Hormonal deficiency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone may be high with sellar masses?

    <p>Prolactin (PRL) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does insulin tolerance test induce to assess GH and ACTH reserve?

    <p>Hypoglycemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the characteristic symptoms of pituitary apoplexy?

    <p>Visual disturbances and ocular palsies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main treatment for pituitary apoplexy to preserve vision?

    <p>Steroids and urgent surgery for the tumor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the blood supply of the pituitary gland derived from?

    <p>Superior and inferior hypophyseal arteries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT contiguous to the pituitary gland?

    <p>Hypothalamic neural cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the pituitary gland centrally located?

    <p>Within the sphenoid bone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structures does the pituitary gland lie contiguous to?

    <p>Cavernous sinuses and optic chiasm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the hypothalamic neural cells synthesize specific hormones for the pituitary gland?

    <p>Pituitary stalk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which arteries provide the blood supply to the pituitary gland?

    <p>Inferior and superior hypophyseal arteries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone deficiency syndrome is caused by the deficiency of one or more anterior pituitary hormones?

    <p>Sheehan Syndrome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the gold standard test to assess growth hormone (GH) and adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) reserve when stimulated by hypoglycemia?

    <p>Insulin tolerance test (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of hypopituitarism?

    <p>1° pituitary disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What represents an acute emergency similar to intracerebral hemorrhage with hypotension and ocular palsies?

    <p>Pituitary apoplexy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is carried out to confirm hormonal deficiency by assessing the failure of a particular hormone level to rise after stimulation?

    <p>Dynamic pituitary function tests (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is a rare inflammatory condition that occurs peripartum and with checkpoint inhibitors therapy in some cancers, mainly affecting thyrotrophes and corticotrophes?

    <p>Lymphocytic Hypophysitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Master gland' secrets six major trophic hormones including Prolactin, Growth hormone, Adrenocorticotropin hormone, Luteinizing hormone, Follicle-stimulating hormone, and Thyroid-stimulating hormone. Which gland is being referred to here?

    <p>Pituitary gland (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main treatment for pituitary apoplexy to preserve vision?

    <p>Surgery for the tumor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'GH deficiency in children cause short stature' - What does 'GH' stand for in this context?

    <p>Growth Hormone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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