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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a major difference between Pili and Fimbriae?
Which of the following is a major difference between Pili and Fimbriae?
How many Pili are generally found per bacterial cell?
How many Pili are generally found per bacterial cell?
Which bacteria uses its Fimbriae to attach to the intestine and then produces a toxin that causes diarrhea?
Which bacteria uses its Fimbriae to attach to the intestine and then produces a toxin that causes diarrhea?
What governs the formation of Pili?
What governs the formation of Pili?
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In which type of bacteria are Fimbriae found?
In which type of bacteria are Fimbriae found?
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What is the main function of Fimbriae?
What is the main function of Fimbriae?
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What is the first obligatory step for infection according to the given text?
What is the first obligatory step for infection according to the given text?
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Which bacteria is not part of the Gram +ve Vaginal Flora mentioned in the text?
Which bacteria is not part of the Gram +ve Vaginal Flora mentioned in the text?
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Which structure of spore protects the spore with keratine-like protein?
Which structure of spore protects the spore with keratine-like protein?
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Based on pathogenicity, which staphylococci is a common pathogen according to the text?
Based on pathogenicity, which staphylococci is a common pathogen according to the text?
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What is the mode of transmission for Staphylococcus aureus mentioned in the text?
What is the mode of transmission for Staphylococcus aureus mentioned in the text?
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Which disease is not produced by Staphylococcus aureus according to the given text?
Which disease is not produced by Staphylococcus aureus according to the given text?
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What is the main function of peptidoglycan in bacterial cells?
What is the main function of peptidoglycan in bacterial cells?
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Which component is a major surface antigen of gram-positive species and is important in bacterial serotyping?
Which component is a major surface antigen of gram-positive species and is important in bacterial serotyping?
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What distinguishes the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria from that of gram-positive bacteria?
What distinguishes the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria from that of gram-positive bacteria?
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What is the backbone of peptidoglycan composed of?
What is the backbone of peptidoglycan composed of?
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Which component of the cell wall constitutes a major surface antigen of gram-positive species and promotes attachment to other bacteria?
Which component of the cell wall constitutes a major surface antigen of gram-positive species and promotes attachment to other bacteria?
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What is the function of lipoteichoic acid in gram-positive bacteria?
What is the function of lipoteichoic acid in gram-positive bacteria?
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Which structure provides a permeability barrier to large and hydrophobic molecules in Gram-negative bacteria?
Which structure provides a permeability barrier to large and hydrophobic molecules in Gram-negative bacteria?
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What is the function of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in Gram-negative bacteria?
What is the function of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in Gram-negative bacteria?
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Which external structure is important for survival in the host, despite being unnecessary for the growth of bacteria?
Which external structure is important for survival in the host, despite being unnecessary for the growth of bacteria?
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What is the primary function of flagella in bacteria?
What is the primary function of flagella in bacteria?
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Which type of flagella arrangement is characterized by a tuft of polar flagella at one pole of the bacteria?
Which type of flagella arrangement is characterized by a tuft of polar flagella at one pole of the bacteria?
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What is the main function of Pili and fimbriae in bacteria?
What is the main function of Pili and fimbriae in bacteria?
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Which component of the Gram-negative bacterial structure is unique and forms an 'asymmetric bilayer' structure?
Which component of the Gram-negative bacterial structure is unique and forms an 'asymmetric bilayer' structure?
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'Ropelike propeller's composed of helically coiled protein subunits (flagellin)' describes which bacterial structure?
'Ropelike propeller's composed of helically coiled protein subunits (flagellin)' describes which bacterial structure?
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Study Notes
Pili vs. Fimbriae
- Major difference: Pili are typically longer and fewer in number compared to fimbriae.
- Generally, 1 to 10 pili are found per bacterial cell.
- Fimbriae help bacteria adhere to surfaces, such as the intestinal lining.
Bacterial Pathogenicity
- Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) uses fimbriae to attach to the intestine and produces toxins causing diarrhea.
- The first obligatory step for infection is adhesion to host tissues.
- Staphylococcus epidermidis is not part of the Gram-positive vaginal flora mentioned.
Spore Structure
- The spore's protective structure made of keratin-like protein is the spore coat.
Pathogens and Diseases
- Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogenic staphylococcus based on pathogenicity.
- Mode of transmission for Staphylococcus aureus primarily includes person-to-person contact.
- Staphylococcus aureus does not cause psoriasis.
Cell Wall Composition
- Peptidoglycan's main function is to provide structural integrity to the bacterial cell wall.
- Teichoic acids are a major surface antigen of Gram-positive bacteria, aiding in serotyping.
- Gram-negative bacteria differ from Gram-positive bacteria in that they have a thinner layer of peptidoglycan and an outer membrane.
Peptidoglycan Structure
- The backbone of peptidoglycan is composed of N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM).
- Teichoic acids also promote attachment to other bacteria.
Gram-negative Bacteria Features
- The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria provides a permeability barrier to large and hydrophobic molecules.
- Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in Gram-negative bacteria contributes to structural integrity and provides a barrier against toxic compounds.
Bacterial Survival Structures
- Capsules are external structures critical for bacterial survival within the host, even if they do not contribute to bacterial growth.
Flagella Function and Structure
- The primary function of flagella is motility, enabling bacterial movement.
- Lophotrichous arrangement is characterized by a tuft of polar flagella at one pole.
- Pili and fimbriae mainly function in adhesion to surfaces or other cells.
Unique Bacterial Structures
- The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria contains LPS and forms an 'asymmetric bilayer' structure.
- The description “ropelike propeller's composed of helically coiled protein subunits (flagellin)” refers to flagella.
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Description
Discover the key disparities between pili and fimbriae in bacteria. Learn about their structural composition, distribution, function, and significance in bacterial physiology and pathogenesis.
