Bacterial Cell Wall Structure

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Which type of antibacterial targets bacteria without significant negative effects on mammalian cells?

Antibiotics inhibiting tetrapeptide crosslinking

Broad-spectrum antibiotics

Antibiotics affecting peptidoglycan biosynthesis (correct)

Antibiotics targeting porins

What is the primary component of the bacterial cell wall structure?

Fosfomycin

Peptidoglycan (correct)

Chloramphenicol

Penicillin G

Which type of antibiotic affects both gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria?

CBIs inhibiting tetrapeptide crosslinking

Broad-spectrum antibiotics (correct)

Narrow-spectrum antibiotics

Antibiotics targeting porins

What is the function of peptidoglycan in bacterial cells?

Regulate osmotic pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which step in peptidoglycan biosynthesis do fosfomycin-type antibiotics primarily inhibit?

Disaccharide production inside the cell Signup and view all the answers

Which class of antibiotics has been particularly effective due to their action on cell wall biosynthesis?

Cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors (CBIs) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of the cell wall in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

Peptidoglycan Signup and view all the answers

How does the cell wall composition of eukaryotic microbes differ from that of bacteria?

Eukaryotic cell walls contain a single component, while bacterial cell walls are more complex Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the porin channels in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria?

To control the entry of nutrients and waste products Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the tetrapeptide component in the peptidoglycan structure?

It cross-links the peptidoglycan strands Signup and view all the answers

How do the cell wall thicknesses of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria compare?

Gram-positive bacteria have a thicker cell wall than Gram-negative bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the main structural difference between the cell walls of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

Gram-positive bacteria have a single-layered cell wall, while Gram-negative bacteria have a two-layered cell wall Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mycobacterial cell wall?

To provide structural support and protection Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the composition of the mycobacterial cell wall is correct?

It contains a high proportion of complex lipids, contributing to its hydrophobicity. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of arabinogalactan in the mycobacterial cell wall?

It is a structural component that links peptidoglycan and mycolic acids. Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the mycobacterial cell wall contributes to its thickness and physical barrier properties?

Peptidoglycan Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mycolic acids in the mycobacterial cell wall?

To provide structural rigidity and shape to the cell wall Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the peptidoglycan layer in the mycobacterial cell wall is true?

Its organization is dynamic and can change in response to environmental conditions. Signup and view all the answers