Bacterial Cell Wall Structure

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Questions and Answers

Which type of antibacterial targets bacteria without significant negative effects on mammalian cells?

  • Antibiotics inhibiting tetrapeptide crosslinking
  • Broad-spectrum antibiotics
  • Antibiotics affecting peptidoglycan biosynthesis (correct)
  • Antibiotics targeting porins

What is the primary component of the bacterial cell wall structure?

  • Fosfomycin
  • Peptidoglycan (correct)
  • Chloramphenicol
  • Penicillin G

Which type of antibiotic affects both gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria?

  • CBIs inhibiting tetrapeptide crosslinking
  • Broad-spectrum antibiotics (correct)
  • Narrow-spectrum antibiotics
  • Antibiotics targeting porins

What is the function of peptidoglycan in bacterial cells?

<p>Regulate osmotic pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step in peptidoglycan biosynthesis do fosfomycin-type antibiotics primarily inhibit?

<p>Disaccharide production inside the cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of antibiotics has been particularly effective due to their action on cell wall biosynthesis?

<p>Cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors (CBIs) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of the cell wall in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

<p>Peptidoglycan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the cell wall composition of eukaryotic microbes differ from that of bacteria?

<p>Eukaryotic cell walls contain a single component, while bacterial cell walls are more complex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the porin channels in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria?

<p>To control the entry of nutrients and waste products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the tetrapeptide component in the peptidoglycan structure?

<p>It cross-links the peptidoglycan strands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the cell wall thicknesses of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria compare?

<p>Gram-positive bacteria have a thicker cell wall than Gram-negative bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main structural difference between the cell walls of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

<p>Gram-positive bacteria have a single-layered cell wall, while Gram-negative bacteria have a two-layered cell wall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mycobacterial cell wall?

<p>To provide structural support and protection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the composition of the mycobacterial cell wall is correct?

<p>It contains a high proportion of complex lipids, contributing to its hydrophobicity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of arabinogalactan in the mycobacterial cell wall?

<p>It is a structural component that links peptidoglycan and mycolic acids. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the mycobacterial cell wall contributes to its thickness and physical barrier properties?

<p>Peptidoglycan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mycolic acids in the mycobacterial cell wall?

<p>To provide structural rigidity and shape to the cell wall (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the peptidoglycan layer in the mycobacterial cell wall is true?

<p>Its organization is dynamic and can change in response to environmental conditions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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