Physiotherapy: Range of Motion and Fatigue

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason for assessing passive range of motion?

To determine the amount of movement possible at a joint (correct)
To evaluate joint pain
To instruct patients on exercises
To assess muscle strength

Why is passive ROM usually slightly greater than active ROM?

Due to the therapist's skill during passive ROM
Due to the patient's cooperation during assessment
Due to the slight elastic stretch of tissues or decreased bulk of relaxed muscles (correct)
Due to the patient's effort during active ROM

What is the purpose of determining the end feel during passive ROM assessment?

To assess muscle strength
To indicate the structures that limit joint movement (correct)
To measure joint pain
To determine the range of motion

What is necessary to isolate movement during end feel assessment?

The patient's relaxation and therapist's stabilization (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does a normal end feel indicate?

A normal full range of motion and normal anatomy of joints (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is an abnormal end feel indicative of?

Structures other than normal anatomy limiting joint movement (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of stabilizing the site of attachment of the muscle origin during muscle testing?

To prevent substitutions and trick movements (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor that affects the strength of a muscle?

Type of muscle contraction (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to assess the strength of the uninvolved limb first during muscle testing?

To know the patient's normal strength (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a consideration when testing the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle?

Wrist flexion with ulnar deviation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of active range of motion testing?

To evaluate coordination of movement and functional ability (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for passive range of motion testing?

Dislocation or unhealed fracture (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor that can increase muscle strength?

Previous training effect (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to consider the joint position during muscle testing?

To determine the muscle's length-tension relation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is used to measure joint mobility?

Both Goniometers and Arthrometers (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a precaution for assessing joint mobility in patients?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of age on range of motion?

Range of motion plateaus between 30-60 years (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between active and passive range of motion testing?

Active range of motion testing evaluates coordination of movement, while passive range of motion testing evaluates the integrity of the joint (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor that influences range of motion?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for range of motion testing?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards are hidden until you start studying

Study Notes

Fatigue

Muscle strength decreases as a patient fatigues

Contraindications and Precautions

Contraindications: inflammation, presence of pain
Precautions: patient with cardiovascular problems, abdominal surgery or herniation, malnutrition, malignancy, severe or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Factors Influencing Range of Motion

Age:
1-20: ROM increases
20-30: ROM decreases
30-60: ROM plateau
60-die: ROM decreases
Sex: women have a greater ROM than men
Joint structures: body type influences joint mobility due to genetics or posture

Types of Motion

Active range of motion testing: evaluates coordination of movement and functional ability
Passive range of motion testing: provides information about the integrity of the joint but not about contractile tissue

Contraindications and Precautions for Range of Motion Testing

Contraindications:
Dislocation or unhealed fracture
Immediately following surgical procedures
In presence of myositis ossificans
Precautions:
Infections or inflammatory process in a joint or region
Patient on medication for pain or muscle relaxants
Region of marked osteoporosis
Hyper mobile or subluxed joint
Painful conditions
Patient with hemophilia
Region of hematoma
Assessing joints with bony ankylosis
Immediately after an injury of soft tissue

Assessment of Active Range of Motion

The patient performs active movements and the therapist observes
Level of consciousness, attention span, and joint ROM movements can cause or increase pain
Active range of motion may be decreased

Muscle Testing Assessment Procedure

Explanation and instruction: explains briefly the movement to be performed
Assessment of normal muscle strength: initially assess and record the strength of the uninvolved limb
Patient position: positions the patient to isolate the muscle or muscle group to be tested
Stabilization: stabilizes the site of attachment of the origin of the muscle to prevent substitutions and trick movements

Muscle Grading

Factors affecting strength:
ATP
Muscle size
Joint position
Angle of muscle pulls
Length tension relation
Previous training effect
Speed of muscle contraction

Assessment of Passive Range of Motion

Passive ROM is assessed to determine the amount of movement possible at a joint
Passive ROM is usually slightly greater than active ROM
The therapist takes body segments through a passive ROM to estimate each joint's range of motion and determine the quality of movement throughout the ROM
End feel: the sensation felt by the therapist's hands at the extreme end of passive ROM, indicating the structures that limit joint movement