Physiology Quiz on Electrolytes and Acid-Base Balance
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Questions and Answers

What would be the expected condition with hypochloremia?

  • Hyperkalemia
  • Respiratory alkalosis
  • Metabolic alkalosis (correct)
  • Metabolic acidosis

    • What is the primary mechanism causing respiratory alkalosis?

  • Hyperventilation (correct)
  • Deficient alveolar diffusion
  • Deficient pulmonary perfusion
  • Parasympathetic inhibition

    • What would cause an increased anion gap?

  • Renal failure (correct)
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Diarrhea
  • Hypoaldosteronism

    • What is a condition resulting in acidosis?

    <p>Cystic fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is associated with an increase in ionized calcium (Cai) in the blood?

    <p>Alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What laboratory result is consistent with primary hypoparathyroidism?

    <p>Low calcium; high inorganic phosphorus Pi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the anticoagulant of choice for blood gas studies?

    <p>Lithium heparin 100 U/mL blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient's blood gas results are pH = 7.26, dCO2 = 2.0 mmol/L, HCO3– = 29 mmol/L. What would be the classification of these results?

    <p>Metabolic acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient's blood gas results are pH = 7.50, PCO2 = 55 mm Hg, HCO3– = 40 mmol/L. What do these results indicate?

    <p>Metabolic alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which set of results is consistent with uncompensated respiratory alkalosis?

    <p>pH 7.66, HCO3 22 mmol/L, PCO2 20 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would shift the O2 dissociation curve to the left?

    <p>Alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which circumstance would the reporting of calculated oxygen saturation of hemoglobin be in error?

    <p>Carbon monoxide poisoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of pseudohyponatremia?

    <p>It occurs when undiluted samples are measured</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about potassium levels in heparinized plasma versus serum?

    <p>Potassium levels are slightly higher in heparinized plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of hypoalbuminemia on total calcium levels?

    <p>It decreases total calcium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following laboratory results is associated with cystic fibrosis?

    <p>Sweat chloride greater than 60 mmol/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about enzyme activity?

    <p>Apoenzyme + prosthetic group = holoenzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common analytical error in sweat chloride collection?

    <p>Leaving the preweighed gauze on the inside of the arm exposed to air during collection</p> Signup and view all the answers

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