Physiology Quiz: Heart and Muscle Function
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Physiology Quiz: Heart and Muscle Function

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@HealthyFlashback

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following organs has the highest arteriovenous O2 difference under normal resting conditions?

  • Brain
  • Kidney
  • Heart (correct)
  • Skeletal muscle

    • In which phase of the ventricular muscle action potential is the sodium permeability the highest?

  • Phase 3
  • Phase 0 (correct)
  • Phase 2
  • Phase 1

    • Which condition at the A-V node will cause a decrease in heart rate?

  • Decreased acetylcholine levels
  • Increased sodium permeability
  • Increased potassium permeability (correct)
  • Increased norepinephrine levels

    • The 'T wave' is due to which of the following electrical events within the heart?

    <p>Ventricular repolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Frank-Starling's law of the heart explains which of the following?

    <p>Explains the increase in cardiac output that occurs when venous return is increased</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Anaemia caused by vitamin B12 and folate deficiency is characterized as which type of anaemia?

    <p>Megaloblastic anaemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The serum component is characterized by which of the following?

    <p>Blood with fibrinogen removed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The most abundant and buffering capacity buffer system in plasma is which of the following?

    <p>NaHCO3/H2CO3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood group system can safely receive Rh-negative blood?

    <p>Rh-positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significant physiological event indicated by the 'T wave' in an electrocardiogram?

    <p>Ventricular repolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily characterizes the serum component of blood?

    <p>Plasma with fibrinogen and some clotting factors removed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which buffer system has the greatest buffering capacity in plasma?

    <p>KHCO3/H2CO3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about blood transfusion is correct?

    <p>A person with blood group O is a 'universal blood donor'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of anemia is caused by vitamin B12 and folate deficiency?

    <p>Megaloblastic anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Organ Function and Oxygen Difference

    • The organ with the highest arteriovenous O2 difference under normal resting conditions is the heart.

    Ventricular Muscle Action Potential

    • The sodium permeability is the highest in phase 0 of the ventricular muscle action potential.

    A-V Node and Heart Rate Regulation

    • An increase in potassium permeability at the A-V node will cause a decrease in heart rate.

    ECG and Heart Activity

    • The "T wave" is due to ventricular repolarization within the heart.

    Frank-Starling's Law of the Heart

    • Frank-Starling's law of the heart explains the increase in cardiac output that occurs when venous return is increased.

    Anemia Types

    • Anemia caused by vitamin B12 and folate deficiency is megaloblastic anemia.

    Blood Components and Plasma

    • Serum is characterized by plasma with fibrinogen and some clotting factors removed.
    • Plasma is whole blood with haemocytes removed.

    Buffer Systems in Plasma

    • The most abundant and buffering capacity buffer system in plasma is Bicarbonate buffer system (NaHCO3/H2CO3).

    Cardiac Conduction and Action Potential

    • The fastest rate of conduction of the cardiac action potential occurs in Purkinje fibers.

    Organ Oxygen Demand

    • Skeletal muscle has the highest arteriovenous O2 difference under normal resting conditions.

    Ventricular Muscle Action Potential

    • Sodium permeability is highest in phase 4 of the ventricular muscle action potential.

    Heart Rate Regulation

    • Decreased acetylcholine levels at the A-V node will cause an increase in heart rate.

    ECG Waveforms

    • The T wave is due to ventricular repolarization.

    Cardiac Function

    • Frank-Starling's law of the heart explains the increase in cardiac output when the ventricular end-diastolic volume increases, not when the sympathetic nerves supplying the heart are stimulated.

    Anemia

    • Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia.

    Blood Components

    • Serum is characterized by plasma with fibrinogen and some clotting factors removed.

    Blood Buffering Systems

    • The KHCO3/H2CO3 buffer system has the highest buffering capacity in plasma.

    Blood Transfusion

    • ABO blood group system cannot be transfused without cross-matching.
    • A person with blood group O is not always a "universal blood donor".
    • A person with blood group AB is not always a "universal recipient".
    • Rh-positive people should not receive Rh-negative blood.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of human physiology with these questions about heart and muscle function, including arteriovenous O2 differences and ventricular muscle action potentials.

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