20 Questions
What is the primary function of albumin in the bloodstream?
To maintain osmotic pressure
Which of the following is NOT a step in the hemostasis process?
Inflammation
What is the primary function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?
To transport oxygen
What is the approximate percentage of water in blood plasma?
92%
What is the shape of red blood cells that allows them to navigate through narrow blood vessels?
Flexible and disk-like
Which of the following proteins is involved in blood clotting?
Fibrinogen
What is the primary function of platelets in the hemostasis process?
To form a platelet plug to stop bleeding
What type of proteins are found in blood plasma?
All of the above
What is the term for the process of blood cell agglutination?
Agglutination
What is the primary function of blood in the body?
Transportation, Defense, and Maintenance of Homeostasis
What is the universal recipient blood type?
Type AB
What is the percentage of red blood cells in the total blood composition?
45% to 50%
What is the primary function of the von Willebrand factor in the coagulation cascade?
To facilitate platelet adhesion
What is the main function of plasma in the blood?
Transporting nutrients and hormones
What is the term for the process of stopping bleeding?
Hemostasis
What is the average temperature of blood in the human body?
38°C
What is the primary function of white blood cells?
Defending against pathogens
What is the pH range of blood in the human body?
7.35 to 7.45
What is the term for the prevention of blood loss?
Hemostasis
What is the approximate volume of blood in an adult male?
5 to 6 liters
Study Notes
Overview of Blood
- Blood is a unique tissue composed of liquid plasma and formed elements (RBCs, WBCs, and platelets)
- It is a fluid tissue that makes up approximately 8% of an adult's body weight
Functions of Blood
- Transportation: carries oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body
- Defense: protects the body against pathogens and foreign substances
- Maintenance of Homeostasis: regulates bodily functions, such as pH, temperature, and blood pressure
Composition of Blood
- Plasma: the fluid portion of blood, making up approximately 92% of blood
- Formed elements: suspended in plasma, consisting of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets
Characteristics of Blood
- Blood is viscous and slightly sticky to the touch
- Its viscosity is approximately five times greater than water
- Normal blood temperature is slightly higher than normal body temperature (around 38°C)
- Blood pH ranges from 7.35 to 7.45
Blood Plasma
- Composed primarily of water (92%) and proteins (7%)
- Three major groups of plasma proteins: albumin, globulins, and fibrinogen
Production of Formed Elements
- Hematopoiesis: the production of formed elements (RBCs, WBCs, and platelets) in the bone marrow, liver, spleen, and lymphatic tissues
Red Blood Cells (RBCs)
- Shape: RBCs are biconcave disks, flexible, and able to change shape to navigate through blood vessels
- Hemoglobin: a protein containing iron that carries oxygen and gives blood its red color
Hemostasis
- Process of stopping blood loss through vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, and coagulation
- Three steps: vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, and coagulation
Platelet Plug Formation
- Platelets aggregate to form a plug, which is facilitated by glycoprotein in the blood plasma
Coagulation
- Formation of a blood clot through the production of fibrin, a protein derived from fibrinogen
Blood Typing
- Antigens: substances that trigger an immune response
- Antibodies: proteins produced by B lymphocytes in response to antigens
- ABO blood group system: classification of blood based on the presence or absence of A and B antigens
ABO Blood Group
- ABO blood typing system determines the presence or absence of A and B antigens on RBCs
- Four main ABO blood groups: A, B, AB, and O
This quiz covers the basics of blood, its composition, functions, and plasma. It also touches on formed elements, preventing blood loss, and blood groups.
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