Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one of the primary roles of bone tissue in the body?
What is one of the primary roles of bone tissue in the body?
- Circulation of blood
- Storage of digestive enzymes
- Regulation of body temperature
- Support and protection of vital organs (correct)
Which hormone is primarily responsible for increasing osteoblastic activity?
Which hormone is primarily responsible for increasing osteoblastic activity?
- Prolactin
- Insulin
- Estrogen (correct)
- Cortisol
What process is involved in the mineralization of the bone matrix?
What process is involved in the mineralization of the bone matrix?
- Calcitonin synthesis
- Bone resorption
- Osteoclast activation
- Osteoblast activity (correct)
Which factor does NOT affect bone remodeling?
Which factor does NOT affect bone remodeling?
What is the function of osteocalcin in bone physiology?
What is the function of osteocalcin in bone physiology?
Bone remodeling units primarily consist of which two cell types?
Bone remodeling units primarily consist of which two cell types?
How does Growth Hormone affect bone growth?
How does Growth Hormone affect bone growth?
Which of the following is NOT a metabolic function of bone?
Which of the following is NOT a metabolic function of bone?
What is one of the physiological functions of bone related to the metabolic aspect?
What is one of the physiological functions of bone related to the metabolic aspect?
Which hormone plays a significant role in stimulating the closure of the epiphyseal plate?
Which hormone plays a significant role in stimulating the closure of the epiphyseal plate?
Which process is central to the role of osteoblasts during ossification?
Which process is central to the role of osteoblasts during ossification?
What is the primary outcome of coordinated bone resorption and formation?
What is the primary outcome of coordinated bone resorption and formation?
Which factor does NOT commonly affect bone remodeling?
Which factor does NOT commonly affect bone remodeling?
What is one of the key roles of thyroid hormone in bone health?
What is one of the key roles of thyroid hormone in bone health?
Which type of bone cell is primarily involved in resorption during remodeling?
Which type of bone cell is primarily involved in resorption during remodeling?
What aspect of bone physiology does osteocalcin primarily regulate?
What aspect of bone physiology does osteocalcin primarily regulate?
Flashcards
Bone Functions
Bone Functions
Bones provide support and protection for vital organs, blood cell production, & storing minerals like calcium and phosphorus.
Bone Formation (Ossification)
Bone Formation (Ossification)
The process by which new bone tissue is made by cells called osteoblasts.
Bone Growth
Bone Growth
Increase in bone size and length, primarily through cartilage growth.
Bone Growth Hormones
Bone Growth Hormones
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Bone Remodeling
Bone Remodeling
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Bone Remodeling Factors
Bone Remodeling Factors
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Bone Functions
Bone Functions
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Bone Formation Processes
Bone Formation Processes
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Bone Growth
Bone Growth
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Hormonal Regulation of Bone Growth
Hormonal Regulation of Bone Growth
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Bone Remodeling
Bone Remodeling
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Bone Remodeling Importance
Bone Remodeling Importance
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Bone Remodeling Regulation Factors
Bone Remodeling Regulation Factors
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Osteoblasts
Osteoblasts
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Osteoclasts
Osteoclasts
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Study Notes
Physiology of Bone
- Bone protects and supports vital organs
- Forms blood elements
- Contains a reservoir for minerals (calcium and phosphate)
- Stores fat and growth factors
- Regulates phosphate metabolism via osteocalcin
Bone Structure
- Composed of:
- Proximal epiphysis
- Metaphysis
- Diaphysis
- Distal epiphysis
- Articular cartilage
- Spongy bone
- Epiphyseal line
- Red bone marrow
- Endosteum
- Compact bone
- Medullary cavity
- Yellow bone marrow
- Periosteum
- Nutrient artery
Bone Formation Processes (Ossification/Osteogenesis)
- Performed by osteoblasts
- Involves:
- Synthesis of organic matrix
- Matrix mineralization
- Resorption and reformation
Bone Growth
- Occurs at the epiphyseal plate
- Cartilage is replaced by bone
- Bone grows in length and thickness
Bone Remodeling
- Coordinated bone resorption and formation
- Involves osteoclasts and osteoblasts
- Important for:
- Removal of old bone
- Reshaping and replacement of bone
- Maintaining bone strength and mineral homeostasis
Hormonal Regulation of Bone Growth
- Growth Hormone: Stimulates bone length and thickness by promoting cartilage proliferation and calcium deposition at epiphyseal plates
- Thyroid Hormone: Essential for normal skeletal growth.
- Estrogen and Testosterone: Affect osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity, stimulate epiphyseal closure(growth plate)
Hormonal Bone Modeling Regulation
- Parathyroid Hormone (PTH): Increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity
- Calcitonin: Decreases blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclast activity
- Active Vitamin D: Increases blood calcium levels by promoting calcium absorption from the intestine and increasing osteoblast activity for bone mineralization.
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