Physiology Advanced Concepts Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following provides the BEST definition of a state of equilibrium?

All processes or forces are in balance

Opposing processes or forces are inactive

Opposing processes or forces are in balance (correct)

Opposing processes or forces are active

Which statement best describes the relationship between Anatomy and Physiology?

Physiology studies the functions of specific structures within an organism, which are described by Anatomy (correct)

Anatomy can only be studied on structures whose Physiology has been fully described

Physiology studies living organisms, while Anatomy studies the same organisms after death

They are the same

If your body temperature drops, what type of mechanism is responsible for returning it to normal?

Positive feedback

Equilibrium

Breathing

Negative feedback (correct)

Which of the following activities would indicate that a novel object may be a living organism?

It moves away when touched Signup and view all the answers

Physiological processes include:

Respiration Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following functions is dependent on the nervous system?

Co-ordinated responses to stimuli Signup and view all the answers

Which system provides protection from the environment and takes a part in temperature control?

Skin (integumentary system) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following systems does NOT interact with all the others?

Endocrine Signup and view all the answers

How does negative feedback maintain a stable internal environment?

It reverses any deviations from a set point Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about homeostasis is consistent with the idea of a dynamic equilibrium?

Homeostasis continually adapts and adjusts to changing conditions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is suitable for long-distance communication within the body?

Endocrine signals Signup and view all the answers

The fluid mosaic model implies that:

Cell membranes are semi-permeable Signup and view all the answers

What CANNOT drive the passive movement of substances across the cell membrane?

ATP Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the major divisions of the nervous system is correct?

The afferent division carries only sensory information; the efferent division carries only motor commands Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the divisions of the efferent branch of the nervous system is correct?

The somatic division carries only voluntary commands; the autonomic division carries only involuntary commands Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following distinguishes an axon from a dendrite?

Length Signup and view all the answers

At equilibrium potential there is no net flow of ions because:

Chemical and electrical gradients are in balance Signup and view all the answers

The movement of ions in and out of a neuron as a result of electrical activity:

Has a significant effect on Na+ concentration outside the cell Signup and view all the answers

The sodium-potassium pump:

Slowly exchanges 2 K+ ions for 3 Na+ ions at the expense of energy to maintain normal concentration gradients Signup and view all the answers

The threshold of a neuron is determined by:

The potential difference across the membrane Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Physiology - Physiological Concepts Advanced Questions

Equilibrium: Opposing processes or forces are in balance.
Anatomy and Physiology Relationship: Physiology studies the functions of specific structures within an organism, which are described by Anatomy.
Body Temperature Regulation (Negative Feedback): If body temperature drops, negative feedback mechanisms return it to normal.
Living Organism Indicators: Activities indicating a novel object might be living include movement when touched, warmth, and deformation when pressure is applied.
Physiological Processes: Include respiration, emitting sound, elimination of excess water, and co-ordinated responses to stimuli.
Nervous System Functions: Dependent on the nervous system are co-ordinated responses to stimuli, elimination of excess water, defence against infection, gas exchange, and temperature control.
Systems Interactions: The nervous system interacts with all other systems including the circulatory, musculoskeletal, and endocrine.
Maintaining Internal Stability (Negative Feedback): Negative feedback maintains a stable internal environment by reversing deviations from a set point.
Long-Distance Communication: Endocrine signals are suitable for long-distance communication within the body.
Fluid Mosaic Model: Membrane proteins can freely interact, and cells can maintain specific shapes, and cell membranes are semi-permeable.
Passive Transport: Chemical and electrical gradients, and random motion drive passive transport across cell membranes. ATP does not drive passive transport.
Nervous System Divisions: The afferent division brings sensory information, while the efferent division carries motor commands. The efferent branch includes the somatic (voluntary) and autonomic (involuntary) nervous systems
Distinguishing Axon from Dendrite: Axons are typically longer than dendrites.
Equilibrium Potential: At equilibrium potential, there's no net ion flow because chemical and electrical gradients are balanced.
Electrical Activity and Ion Movement: Changes in ion concentrations (particularly Na+) can affect the equilibrium potential, but this is not a defining characteristic of electrical activity.
Sodium-Potassium Pump: This pump slowly exchanges ions (2 K+ for 3 Na+) maintaining normal concentration gradients by using energy.
Threshold Potential: The neuron's threshold is determined by the voltage-gated ion channels within its membrane.

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Description

Test your knowledge on advanced physiological concepts including the relationship between anatomy and physiology, body temperature regulation, and the functions of the nervous system. This quiz covers essential processes and interactions within living organisms. Challenge yourself with these thought-provoking questions!