Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which system is NOT primarily involved in the systemic physiological response to stress?
Which system is NOT primarily involved in the systemic physiological response to stress?
- Endocrine system
- Immune system
- Skeletal system (correct)
- Autonomic nervous system
In the context of the stress response, what does 'allostasis' primarily describe?
In the context of the stress response, what does 'allostasis' primarily describe?
- The body's return to its original stable state.
- The physiological changes in response to challenges to homeostasis. (correct)
- The cumulative effect of stress on the body.
- The immediate response to a physical stressor.
Which of these is NOT considered a potential source of stressors?
Which of these is NOT considered a potential source of stressors?
- Psychological perceptions
- Internal physiological imbalances
- Lack of physical activity (correct)
- External environmental factors
What is the main purpose of the stress response?
What is the main purpose of the stress response?
Which concept describes the cumulative effects of stress on an individual?
Which concept describes the cumulative effects of stress on an individual?
What structure is responsible for coordinating the output of the nervous system and pituitary glands?
What structure is responsible for coordinating the output of the nervous system and pituitary glands?
Which of the following best illustrates how the perception of a stressor affects the response?
Which of the following best illustrates how the perception of a stressor affects the response?
What is the role of the adrenal gland in response to stress?
What is the role of the adrenal gland in response to stress?
Which description best characterizes the overall physiological response to stress?
Which description best characterizes the overall physiological response to stress?
According to the context, what would be the main characteristic of a 'systemic' physiological response to stress?
According to the context, what would be the main characteristic of a 'systemic' physiological response to stress?
What is the primary role of allostasis in relation to stress?
What is the primary role of allostasis in relation to stress?
Which part of the brain plays a critical role in coordinating the stress response, acting as a central hub?
Which part of the brain plays a critical role in coordinating the stress response, acting as a central hub?
What does the autonomic nervous system primarily contribute to the stress response?
What does the autonomic nervous system primarily contribute to the stress response?
What is the role of the locus coeruleus in the stress response pathway?
What is the role of the locus coeruleus in the stress response pathway?
Which of the following is the best description of the endocrine system's response to stress?
Which of the following is the best description of the endocrine system's response to stress?
Which of the following is NOT a direct pathway of the stress response, according to the provided diagrams?
Which of the following is NOT a direct pathway of the stress response, according to the provided diagrams?
Which of the following hormones, released during stress, is primarily associated with the chronic phase of the stress response?
Which of the following hormones, released during stress, is primarily associated with the chronic phase of the stress response?
What is the primary function of the 'higher brain centre' in the stress response pathway?
What is the primary function of the 'higher brain centre' in the stress response pathway?
What would be a physiological effect of the activation of the adrenal medulla during a stress response?
What would be a physiological effect of the activation of the adrenal medulla during a stress response?
According to the diagram, how does the hypothalamus initiate the stress response?
According to the diagram, how does the hypothalamus initiate the stress response?
Flashcards
Autonomic Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System
The automatic, involuntary control system that regulates body functions like heart rate, digestion, and breathing.
Endocrine System
Endocrine System
The network of glands that release hormones into the bloodstream, regulating various body processes.
Hypothalamus
Hypothalamus
The key control center in the brain, responsible for coordinating the nervous and endocrine responses to stress.
Stressor
Stressor
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Homeostasis
Homeostasis
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Allostasis
Allostasis
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Allostatic Load
Allostatic Load
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Adrenal Glands and Stress
Adrenal Glands and Stress
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Stress Response for Survival
Stress Response for Survival
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Individual Perception of Stress
Individual Perception of Stress
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Cortisol
Cortisol
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Fight or Flight Response
Fight or Flight Response
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Parasympathetic Nervous System
Parasympathetic Nervous System
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Acute vs. Chronic Stress Response
Acute vs. Chronic Stress Response
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Study Notes
Physiological Response to Stress
- The body's response to stress is complex, involving both immediate and sustained reactions.
- Stressors can be physical or psychological, originating internally or externally.
- Individual perception and processing of stressors significantly influence the body's response.
Homeostasis, Allostasis, and Allostatic Load
- Homeostasis is the body's natural tendency towards a stable internal environment.
- Allostasis describes the body's physiological adjustments to maintain homeostasis in response to stress.
- These adaptive changes can accumulate, creating allostatic load, a measure of the cumulative effects of stress on the body.
Learning Objectives
- Review the autonomic nervous system's structures and functions.
- Explain the role of endocrine and nervous systems in coordinating organ systems.
- Describe the hypothalamus' role in coordinating nervous system output and pituitary gland interactions.
- Explain the general neuroendocrine response to stress.
- Describe the role of the adrenal gland during stress responses.
Session Aims
- Explain the systemic physiological response to stress, driven by autonomic nervous system and endocrine system activation.
- Explore physiological responses to stress as protective and/or preparatory responses.
Stressors
- Both physical and psychological factors can cause or be perceived as stressors.
- Stressors can originate from internal or external stimuli.
- How individuals perceive and process stressors significantly impacts their responses.
Coordinated Response to Stress
- The hypothalamus plays a central role in coordinating the body's response to stress, linking the higher brain centers to the autonomic and endocrine systems.
Role of the Hypothalamus
- The hypothalamus acts as a central hub, receiving input from higher brain centers (e.g., cerebral cortex, limbic system).
- It influences the autonomic nervous system (specifically the locus ceruleus and adrenal medulla) and the endocrine system (specifically the anterior pituitary and the adrenal cortex).
Physiological Response Types
- The physiological response to stress comprises a rapid, acute component (mediated by the autonomic nervous system) and a slower, chronic component (mediated by the endocrine system).
- The autonomic nervous system's rapid response involves nerve impulses through the spinal cord and preganglionic sympathetic fibers.
- The chronic response is characterized by hormonal release from endocrine glands, particularly the anterior and posterior pituitary. This response coordinates with the adrenal gland, which releases cortisol into the blood, amongst other hormones.
Diverse Physiological Responses to Stress
- Stress triggers numerous physiological changes. These responses generally act to protect the body, such as increased heart rate, blood pressure, and blood glucose levels.
- Immune system response, while protective, may be suppressed during prolonged or chronic stress.
- Other body processes, such as reproduction and growth, are also impacted.
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Description
Explore how the body responds to stress through complex physiological mechanisms. This quiz covers concepts of homeostasis, allostasis, and the effects of stress on the autonomic nervous and endocrine systems. Understand individual perceptions of stress and their implications.
