Physiological Regulation and Scaling
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is an example of positive feedback control system?

  • Fever homeostatic (correct)
  • Maintaining rates of reactions by altering pathways and enzymes
  • Scaling – the study of how structural, mechanical, and physiological properties change with changing size
  • Activating/repressing cell-signalling pathways that regulate gene expression

    • Which equation represents isometric scaling?

  • $Y = aX^1$ (correct)
  • $\log Y = \log X + \log a$
  • $Y = aX^b$
  • $Y = aX^1 + C$

    • What does the equation $Y = aX^b$ represent in scaling?

  • Proportionality changes with size (correct)
  • Linearization of non-linear data
  • Direct proportionality with a constant coefficient
  • Matching organ size and rates of activity to demand

    • What does the equation $\log Y = 1 \log X + \log a$ represent in scaling?

    <p>Linearization of non-linear data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the process of log transformation do to non-linear data?

    <p>Makes it easier to understand and analyze</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the scaling exponent for mammal basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

    <p>$M^{0.75}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the scaling exponent for VO2max in mammals?

    <p>$M^{0.86}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the scaling exponent for heart mass in animals?

    <p>$M^{0.98}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a variable that can be part of the internal environment of organisms?

    <p>Water osmolarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a pro of regulation in physiological processes?

    <p>Cells experience constant conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of homeostasis?

    <p>The condition of a relatively stable internal physiological environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a sensor in homeostasis?

    <p>To compare the value to the set point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of a negative feedback loop in homeostasis?

    <p>To maintain the value of the controlled variable at the set point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of hormonal regulation in homeostasis?

    <p>Insulin and glucagon regulation of blood sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of neuronal regulation in homeostasis?

    <p>Vasoconstriction and vasodilation to regulate heat loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

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