Physiological Effects of Massage
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of using massage oils during a massage?

  • To create a calming aroma in the treatment environment
  • To improve the texture of the skin during treatment
  • To reduce friction and provide lubrication (correct)
  • To provide therapeutic benefits to the skin

    • What is the optimal room temperature for conducting a massage treatment?

  • 22-23 ˚C
  • 25-26 ˚C
  • 20-21 ˚C
  • 23-24 ˚C (correct)

    • What role do pillows or folded towels play during a massage?

  • They assist in positioning the patient for relaxation (correct)
  • They are used for enhancing the scent of the room
  • They help in creating a uniform surface for massage
  • They serve to distract the patient from the procedure

    • Why is it essential for the therapist to keep their hands in contact with the patient's body during the massage?

    <p>To prevent the patient from feeling abandoned</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the core reasons for covering the patient during a massage?

    <p>To maintain the patient's privacy and prevent chilling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant factor to consider regarding the clothing of both the therapist and the patient during the treatment?

    <p>Clothing should be clean, and sweat absorbent for both</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What angle should the arms be positioned at for optimal massage application?

    <p>45 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of pressing with the fingers and thumb during massage?

    <p>Increased muscular load</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided to prevent low back problems during massage application?

    <p>Static bending position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which position is recommended for the knee to minimize compressive forces?

    <p>Locked in the last 15 degrees extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often should the therapist change posture during massage?

    <p>Frequently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most favorable position for standing during massage?

    <p>Asymmetric position with weight on one foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of massage tables enhances usability for therapists of different heights?

    <p>Adjustable height of table legs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of massage equipment is suitable for pregnant women in their third trimester?

    <p>Reclining massage chairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What materials are primarily used for supporting the area to be massaged?

    <p>Cushions and rubber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can result from standing with equal weight on both feet during a massage?

    <p>Fatigue and impaired circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physiological effect of massage is most directly related to the improvement of nutrient and oxygen supply to the muscle?

    <p>Effects on metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physiological effect of massage aids in enhancing lymphatic drainage and reducing swelling?

    <p>Effect on lymphatic flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the neurological effects of massage that impacts heart rate?

    <p>Reduces heart rate by inducing relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does massage contribute to the reduction of muscle soreness after excessive physical activity?

    <p>By decreasing white cell accumulation in muscle damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific effect does massage have on the respiratory system?

    <p>Reduces tension on respiratory muscles, improving lung capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the impact of massage on the urinary system?

    <p>Promotes increased blood circulation and lymph drainage, enhancing urine excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physiological effect results from massage that aids in preventing venous stasis?

    <p>Effect on the circulatory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a psychological effect of massage that contributes to overall well-being?

    <p>Induces a state of relaxation and sedative effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following effects of massage relates to the endocrine system?

    <p>Provides reflex effects on the autonomic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What psychological benefits can massage provide?

    <p>Improves body image and perception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical indication for massage related to neurological problems?

    <p>Parkinson's</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is considered a localized contraindication for massage therapy?

    <p>Rheumatoid arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the gastrointestinal tract problems that can be treated with massage?

    <p>Colic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is related to psychological problems that massage may help alleviate?

    <p>Post-traumatic stress disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary to identify general contraindications before massage?

    <p>A thorough medical examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a clinical indication for massage?

    <p>Healthy lifestyle maintenance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which respiratory condition can massage therapy assist with?

    <p>Bronchitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of physiotherapy issue is characterized by symptoms such as mechanical low back pain?

    <p>Orthopaedic problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vascular problem is mentioned as a clinical indication for massage?

    <p>Lymphoedema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a local contraindication for massage therapy?

    <p>Local skin irritation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a general contraindication that can affect massage therapy?

    <p>Severe atherosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about massage's effect on pain is accurate?

    <p>Massage helps control pain by affecting the pain threshold.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the clinical decision-making process regarding treatment?

    <p>The patient's problem is determined.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of postural mistake during massage can lead to musculoskeletal issues for the therapist?

    <p>Using upper limb muscle strength for pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of patient evaluation, which factor is crucial for understanding the current state of a patient's condition?

    <p>Accurate diagnosis of the disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'systemic infectious diseases' refer to in the context of contraindications?

    <p>Widespread infections impacting the entire body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for a therapist to use body weight during massage?

    <p>It prevents excessive strain on the therapist's muscles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT considered a general contraindication for massage?

    <p>Undiagnosed swellings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason massage can help in controlling pain?

    <p>It competes with pain signals using A beta fibres.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Physiological Effects of Massage

    • Massage affects metabolism by removing toxins built up after strenuous activity.
    • Insufficient muscle activity prompts massage to aid venous and lymphatic flow.
    • Massage enhances blood flow, delivering more nutrients and oxygen to muscles, thereby reducing fatigue and pain.

    Effect on Blood Flow

    • Massage improves venous return, particularly in superficial veins.
    • It increases arterial circulation by reducing venous pressure, preventing venous stasis.
    • Massage has an anticoagulant effect.

    Effect on Lymphatic Flow

    • Massage boosts lymphatic drainage, decreasing edema.
    • Residual products are removed, leading to a reduction in swelling.
    • Regular massage enhances white blood cell counts, strengthening the immune system.

    Effects on Musculoskeletal System

    • Massage diminishes delayed muscle soreness following physical activity.
    • It promotes blood flow to the muscles, removing lactic acid through increased oxidation and diffusion.
    • The massage reduces white blood cell accumulation in vascular walls from muscle damage after intense exercise.
    • Massage reduces fatigue levels.
    • Massage increases blood volume within muscles

    Effects on Nervous and Cardiovascular System

    • Massage creates a calming, relaxing effect.
    • It has reflexive effects on the autonomic and endocrine systems.
    • It boosts the parasympathetic system, assisting in sympathetic inhibition.
    • It temporarily reduces motor neuron excitability.
    • It reduces heart rate through relaxation.
    • It temporarily reduces blood pressure due to capillary dilation.
    • Massage releases endorphins to alleviate pain.
    • Ischemia is reduced.

    Effects on Respiratory System

    • Massage reduces tension in the respiratory muscles, improving breathing and lung capacity.
    • It slows the respiratory rate by stimulating the parasympathetic nervous system.

    Effects on Urinary System

    • Massage increases blood and lymph drainage in tissues, leading to greater urine excretion.

    Psychological Effects

    • Massage reduces stress and anxiety through relaxation.
    • Massage enhances feelings of well-being and self-confidence.
    • Massage improves body image and perception through relaxation.
    • It helps cope with emotional trauma through relaxation.

    Clinical Indications of Massage

    • Waist and neck issues: whiplash, mechanical low back pain, disc herniation
    • Neurological problems: multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, paralysis, headaches, restless leg syndrome
    • Vascular issues: Raynaud's phenomenon, lymphoedema
    • Rheumatic diseases: osteoarthritis, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, fibromyalgia
    • Gastrointestinal problems: ulcerative colitis, colic, flatulence, constipation, eating disorders
    • Obstetric and gynecological problems: pregnancy, menstrual cramps, premenstrual syndrome
    • Pulmonary problems: asthma, bronchitis
    • Orthopaedic problems: epicondylitis, scoliosis
    • Soft tissue problems: sprains, strains
    • Psychological problems: post-traumatic stress disorder, sleep disorders, anxiety, depression, stress

    Contraindications

    • General: acute conditions requiring first aid, advanced renal failure, advanced respiratory failure, anemia, diabetes complications, hemophilia, metastatic cancer, liver failure, severe atherosclerosis, shock, high fever, systemic infectious diseases, unstable hypertension, unstable cerebrovascular accident, unstable myocardial infarction
    • Local: acute inflammatory arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis, lupus), sensory impairment, infectious skin disease, ectopic pregnancy, malignancy, undiagnosed swellings, local skin irritation, local infection, open wounds, new burns

    Pain Treatment with Massage

    • Massage influences pain perception in multiple ways.
    • It controls pain by affecting the pain threshold.
    • Harmful chemicals, produced by injury, carry pain signals to the CNS.
    • Massage is effective in reducing pain in damaged areas.
    • Massage increases local circulation, minimizing pain-causing chemicals.
    • It competes with pain signals through afferent input to the CNS (via large diameter A-beta fibers).

    Clinical Decision Making Process

    • Patient's problem is identified.
    • Patient history and subjective evaluations are taken.
    • A hypothesis on the patient's condition is formed and observations are made.
    • The hypothesis is clarified, and objective tests are performed.
    • Clinical findings are analyzed.
    • The hypothesis is confirmed.
    • Treatment is planned.

    Maximizing Treatment Effectiveness

    • An accurate diagnosis of the disease is important.
    • The stage of the disease (acute, subacute, or chronic) must be known.
    • The patient's condition's stability is assessed.
    • The patient's overall health status is considered.

    Body Mechanics in Massage Application

    • Incorrect static and dynamic postures during massage can harm the musculoskeletal system.
    • Massage therapy necessitates specific posture and strength.
    • Therapists applying pressure with upper extremity force often experience shoulder and neck problems.
    • Using body weight, instead of upper limb muscle strength, is recommended for pressure application.
    • Hands should be relaxed during massage.
    • Palms should be positioned at a 45-degree angle to the body part being massaged.
    • Avoid pressure using fingers and thumbs on joints.
    • Low back issues usually stem from incorrect or static bending postures.
    • Maintain an upright waist during massage; avoid simultaneous bending and rotation.
    • Frequent posture changes are beneficial instead of prolonged static postures.
    • Body weight should be shifted periodically from one foot to the other to prevent knee issues.
    • The optimal standing position for massage is asymmetric; this reduces energy expenditure. Avoid symmetrical stance, as it leads to fatigue and poor circulation.
    • Body weight should be placed mainly on the foot located behind the massage recipient.

    Massage Equipment

    • Massage Tables (Beds): automatically adjustable length, tilt feature, arm support, face cavity (for prone position)
    • The table legs are helpful for varying heights.
    • Massage Chairs: ideal for pregnant women in third trimester, those with swallowing issues, or patients with respiratory, vascular, or cardiac problems (who cannot be in supine position).
    • Supporting materials: cushions, rubber, varying sizes, heights, and hardness levels are used for positioning.

    Massage Oils

    • Oils in massage reduce friction and provide lubrication.
    • They provide no medical or cosmetic benefits.
    • Oils, creams, and powders can be used.

    Treatment Environment

    • Massage rooms should be quiet, clean, and well-lit.
    • Room temperature should be between 23-24°C.
    • Patients should feel relaxed; avoid cold temperatures.
    • Therapist hands should be properly maintained; use clean clothes with sweat absorption capabilities.

    Positioning and Covering

    • Positioning aims to relax the patient and to utilize gravity for improved venous return.
    • Use pillows, folded towels, rubberized materials.
    • Patients remove clothes from the treatment area.
    • Remaining body parts are covered with a sheet.
    • Privacy and relaxation are crucial considerations during covering.
    • Tight clothing near the treatment area is discouraged.

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    Description

    Explore the various physiological effects of massage on the body, including its role in enhancing blood and lymphatic flow, and its beneficial impact on the musculoskeletal system. Learn how massage aids in recovery from physical exertion by improving nutrient delivery and reducing fatigue.

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