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Questions and Answers
Behaviorists focus on the internal mechanisms of the organism.
False
Cognitive psychologists believe that only external events need to be studied to understand behavior fully.
False
The term 'mediators' is used to describe internal events according to cognitive psychologists.
True
Physiological psychologists mainly focus on the functions of the digestive system.
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Behaviorism had a minimal impact on the field of psychology during the twentieth century.
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According to physiological psychologists, behavior and mental activity are influenced by the nervous system and hormonal system.
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Cognitive psychologists study observable mental processes.
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Insights into mental processes can only be inferred from objective data.
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The experimental method is often used by cognitive psychologists.
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The cognitive approach emphasizes the impact of thoughts on actions and choices.
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The socio-cultural perspective focuses on individual factors like culture and gender.
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Many people are fully aware of the influence of social and cultural factors on their behavior.
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Behaviorists rejected the existence of mind and consciousness as concepts in psychology.
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Watson's focus on observable behavior led him to formulate clear hypotheses that could not be tested by experimentation.
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Freud proposed an account of human mental activity that did not heavily rely on the notion of an unconscious mind.
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Psychologists should use terms like introspective verify and mental states frequently.
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Watson's view of human beings was considered by critics to be complex and detailed.
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Psychoanalysis developed from the work and theories of Sigmund Freud.
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Study Notes
Behavioral Perspective
- John Watson advocated for psychologists to stop using terms like consciousness, mental states, introspection, imagery, and others, as they are impossible to observe and contribute little to a scientific approach.
- Behaviorists do not reject the existence of mind and consciousness, but rather view them as unobservable and unscientific.
- Watson's focus on observable behavior allowed him to formulate clear hypotheses that could be tested through experimentation.
Psychoanalytic Perspective
- Psychoanalysis, developed by Sigmund Freud, proposes an account of human mental activity that relies heavily on the notion of an unconscious mind.
- Freud's theory originated from treating patients with symptoms that couldn't be explained by physiological malfunctioning.
- Psychoanalytic approach focuses on the role of the unconscious mind in shaping behavior and mental activity.
Physiological Perspective
- Physiological psychologists study the functions of the nervous system and hormonal system, and how they interact and influence behavior and mental activity.
- Research in this area has developed rapidly in recent years.
Cognitive Perspective
- Cognitive psychologists believe that internal events, such as perception, thinking, and memory, must be studied to fully understand behavior.
- Cognitive approach emphasizes the importance of studying mental processes that affect behavior and enable us to make sense of the world.
- Cognitive psychologists use the experimental method to infer insights into mental processes from an individual's behavior.
Socio-Cultural Perspective
- Socio-cultural perspective focuses on social and cultural forces outside the individual that influence behavior, thought, and emotion.
- Culture, ethnicity, and gender are essential to understanding behavior, according to this perspective.
- The impact of other people, group affiliations, and cultural rules on our actions is often underestimated.
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Description
Explore the key concepts and research findings in physiological psychology, which focuses on understanding the nervous system and hormonal system's influence on behavior and mental activity. Learn about the behaviorist perspective, which emphasizes environmental influences on behavior and mental processes.
