Physics: Newton's Laws and Momentum

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Questions and Answers

According to Newton's First Law, what condition is sufficient for an object to maintain a constant velocity?

  • A single force acting on the object.
  • A non-zero resultant force acting on the object.
  • Only gravitational forces acting on the object.
  • The absence of any forces acting on the object. (correct)

According to Newton's Second Law, if the net force acting on an object increases, the object's acceleration will decrease, assuming mass remains constant.

False (B)

Describe the relationship between the magnitudes of forces in Newton's Third Law.

equal and opposite

Newton's Law of Gravitation states that gravitational force is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the ______ of the distance between their centers.

<p>square</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following quantities is defined as the product of an object's mass and its velocity?

<p>Momentum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mass is the numerical measure of potential energy of an object.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define inertia in the context of physics.

<p>reluctance of an object to change its state of rest or motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the area under a force-time graph represent?

<p>Change in momentum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an isolated system, total linear momentum is ______.

<p>constant</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of collision with the description.

<p>Elastic collision = Kinetic energy is conserved. Inelastic collision = Kinetic energy is not conserved.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Newton's First Law

A body will remain at rest or in motion at a constant velocity unless acted upon by a non-zero resultant force.

Newton's Second Law

When a net force acts on an object, it accelerates in the direction of the net force. Acceleration is directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass.

Newton's Third Law

When object A exerts a force on object B, object B simultaneously exerts a force of equal magnitude on object A.

Newton's Law of Gravitation

Every particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a gravitational force directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.

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Momentum

The product of an object's mass and its velocity.

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Mass

The numerical measure of an object's inertia.

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Inertia

The reluctance of an object to change its state of rest or motion.

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Newton's Second Law (Momentum)

The net force on an object equals the rate of change of its momentum in the direction of the net force.

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Impulse

The product of the net force acting on an object and the time the net force acts.

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Principle of Conservation of Momentum

In an isolated system, total linear momentum remains constant.

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Study Notes

  • Physics Study Notes

Newton's First Law

  • A body will remain in its state of rest or motion at a constant velocity unless a non-zero resultant force acts on it.

Newton's Second Law

  • When a net force acts on an object, the object will accelerate in the direction of the net force.
  • The acceleration is directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

Newton's Third Law

  • When object A exerts a force on object B, object B simultaneously exerts a force of equal magnitude on object A.

Newton's Law of Gravitation

  • Each particle in the universe attracts every other particle in the universe with a gravitational force.
  • The gravitational force is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.

Momentum

  • The product of an object's mass and its velocity.

Mass

  • The numerical measure of inertia of an object.

Inertia

  • The reluctance of an object to change its state of rest or motion.

Newton's Second Law (Momentum)

  • The net force of an object equals the rate of change of momentum in the direction of the net force.

Impulse

  • The product of the net force acting on an object and the time the net force acts on the object.

Principle of Conservation of Momentum

  • Total linear momentum in an isolated system remains constant.

Isolated System

  • No external forces act on the system.

Elastic Collision

  • A collision in which the total kinetic energy is conserved.

Inelastic Collision

  • A collision in which the total kinetic energy is not conserved.

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