30 Questions
What type of energy is stored in food or carbon compounds?
Chemical Energy
What is the term for the energy in moving objects?
Kinetic Energy
What is the basis of the cycles of elements that occur in ecosystems?
Recycling of Matter
What is the study of thermodynamics concerned with?
How energy is transferred in natural processes
What is the name of the law that deals with the conservation of energy?
Law of Conservation of Energy
What is the source of energy that enters the ecosystem through photosynthesis?
Solar Energy
What is a characteristic of the alpine tundra?
Abundance of flowers during a short growing season
Why do alpine tundra plants have deep pigmentation and weathered leaves?
To protect against sunlight in the thin mountain atmosphere
What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by oceans?
Three-fourths
Why do marine species depend on photosynthetic organisms?
Because they need energy from photosynthesis
What is a characteristic of open oceans?
Low productivity
What is the term for the average number of years an individual can expect to live given their present age?
Life expectancy
What is the highest rank of organisms in biology?
Domain
What is a common feature of alpine tundra and arctic tundra?
Similar environmental conditions and vegetation
What is the branch of biology that classifies all living things?
Taxonomy
What is the study of population growth and its implications on the environment, economy, and development?
Demography
What is a key factor in examining how population growth affects the environment and economy?
Population growth rate
What is a major concern related to population growth and natural resources?
Sustainability of natural resources
What is the primary focus of the scientific discipline that overlaps with biology, chemistry, pharmacology, and medicine?
Studying the adverse effects of chemical substances on living organisms
What is the term for an antigen that produces an abnormally potent immune response?
Allergen
What type of toxins are destructive to nerve tissue?
Neurotoxins
What is the term for a physical or chemical agent that causes an increase in D.N.A. modifications?
Mutagen
What is the term for any agent that can disrupt embryonic or fetal development?
Teratogen
What is the term for any substance or agent that promotes cancer development?
Carcinogen
What is the primary focus of environmental health?
Disease-causing external factors
According to the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) program, what is used to measure disease burden?
Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs)
Which of the following diseases has been completely eradicated?
Smallpox
What is the term used to describe the impact of a disease on an individual's well-being and ability to function?
Impairment
What is a key factor that contributes to morbidity and mortality?
All of the above
What is the current status of AIDS?
A highly treatable disease
Study Notes
Alpine Tundra
- Occurs on near mountaintops with short and extraordinary growing seasons
- Has a similar environmental condition and vegetation to the Arctic tundra
- Plants have deep pigmentation and weathered leaves to protect against the thin mountain atmosphere
- Has a low diversity compared to other biomes
Marine Ecosystems
- Cover three-fourths of the Earth's surface
- Have an essential role but often unrecognized compared to terrestrial ecosystems
- Most marine species depend on photosynthetic organisms, similar to terrestrial animals
- Open oceans have low productivity and are often associated with biological deserts
Toxins
- Allergens: produce an abnormally potent immune response, recognized by the immune system to cause an allergic reaction
- Neurotoxins: destructive to nerve tissue, an extensive class of exogenous chemical, neurological insults
- Mutagens: physical or chemical agents that cause an increase in DNA modifications
- Teratogens: disrupt embryonic or fetal development, causing congenital disabilities or ceasing pregnancy
- Carcinogens: substances or agents that promote cancer development, causing genome damage or disruption of cells' metabolic processes
- Persistent Organic Pollutants (P.O.P.s): can impair physical and psychological functions
Disease and Health
- Disease: the impairment of an individual's well-being and capacity to function
- Environmental health: focuses on disease-causing external factors, including natural, social, cultural, and technological worlds
- Global Burden of Disease (GBD): a comprehensive research program assessing mortality and disability from major diseases, injuries, and risk factors
- Mortality data is based on Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) as a measure of disease burden
Energy and Conservation
- Energy: provides the force to hold matter together, tear it apart, and move from one place to another
- Types of energy: Kinetic Energy, Potential Energy, and Chemical Energy
- Conservation of matter: has a direct bearing on human relationship with the biosphere, using natural resources to produce goods
- Thermodynamics: deals with how energy is transferred in natural processes, governed by physics laws, including the law of conservation of matter and the laws of thermodynamics
Ecosystem Dynamics
- Governed by physics laws, including the law of conservation of matter and the laws of thermodynamics
- Recycling of matter: the basis of the cycles of elements that occur in ecosystems, such as solar energy converted to chemical energy through photosynthesis
This quiz covers the basics of energy and matter, including kinetic energy, potential energy, chemical energy, and the concept of conservation of matter.
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