Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary reason no electric current is observed in a conductor at room temperature without an external electric field?
What is the primary reason no electric current is observed in a conductor at room temperature without an external electric field?
- The battery is non-functional.
- The electrons are stationary.
- The conductor has a high resistance.
- The electrons have zero net displacement due to thermal motion. (correct)
What force acts on the free electrons when an external electric field is applied across the conductor?
What force acts on the free electrons when an external electric field is applied across the conductor?
- F = eE, where 'E' is the potential difference per unit length.
- F = eE, where 'E' is the thermal energy of the electrons.
- F = ma, where the mass is of the conductor.
- F = eE, where 'e' is the charge of an electron. (correct)
If the potential difference across a conductor is doubled while keeping its length constant, how does the electric field strength change?
If the potential difference across a conductor is doubled while keeping its length constant, how does the electric field strength change?
- It remains unchanged.
- It doubles. (correct)
- It halves.
- It increases exponentially.
What is the relationship between the mass of an electron and its acceleration when subjected to an electric field?
What is the relationship between the mass of an electron and its acceleration when subjected to an electric field?
What role does thermal motion play in the behavior of free electrons in a conductor at room temperature?
What role does thermal motion play in the behavior of free electrons in a conductor at room temperature?
Flashcards
Drift Speed
Drift Speed
The average velocity of electrons in a conductor when an electric field is applied.
Electric Field
Electric Field
Force per unit charge experienced by a charge in a region of space.
Electron's acceleration
Electron's acceleration
Acceleration gained by an electron when subjected to an electric field.
Thermal motion
Thermal motion
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Electron force
Electron force
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Study Notes
Drift Speed
- Drift speed is the average velocity of charge carriers in a conductor when an electric field is applied.
- The number of free electrons per unit volume is denoted as 'n'.
- Thermal motion of electrons causes zig-zag motion, and random motion velocity is zero.
- When an external electric field (E) is applied across a conductor, free electrons experience a force (F).
- The force is given by F = eE, where 'e' is the charge of an electron.
- From Newton's second law, F = ma, where 'm' is the mass of an electron.
- Acceleration (a) is given by a = eE/m.
- The drift velocity (Vd) is related to the acceleration by Vd = at.
Electric Field and Force
- Electric field (E) is calculated as the voltage (V) divided by the length (L) of the conductor. E = V/L.
- The force acting on an electron within the electric field is directly proportional to the electric field strength, and the constant of proportionality is the charge of the electron (e).
- This relationship is represented as F = eE.
- The acceleration of an electron is determined by the electric field and the mass of the electron, (a=eE/m).
- A force (F) is applied due to the potential difference (V) across the conductor.
- The force experienced by each free electron is proportional to the strength of E.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts related to drift speed and electric fields in conductors. It examines the average velocity of charge carriers and the effects of electric fields on electron motion. Test your understanding of the relationships between electric force, acceleration, and drift velocity.
