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Questions and Answers
What is the acceleration of an object falling freely near Earth's surface?
A car accelerates from rest at 2 m/s². How long would it take to reach a speed of 36 km/h?
What is the definition of acceleration?
A rocket accelerates from rest at 6 m/s² for 5 seconds. What is its final velocity?
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What is the deceleration of a plane landing on a runway?
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What symbol is used to represent acceleration due to gravity?
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A runner accelerates from rest at 1.1 m/s² for 8.5 seconds. What is the runner's final velocity?
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A cheetah accelerates from 4.2 m/s to 120 km/h. What is the cheetah's acceleration?
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What can be easily found from a velocity-time graph?
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What does the slope of a velocity-time graph represent?
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What is the acceleration of the plane if the velocity-time graph is linear?
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What is the motion of an object represented by a horizontal line on a velocity-time graph?
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What does a negative slope on a velocity-time graph represent?
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What is the purpose of sketching a graph into shapes and finding the area of each shape?
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What type of graph is used to easily find the position and velocity?
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What is the acceleration of an object represented by a line with a constant slope on a velocity-time graph?
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How long does it take for the Mars rover, Curiosity, to travel 1 km?
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What is the train's displacement after travelling 134 km?
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What is the acceleration of a jet that travels 785 m [W] in 2.39 s?
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What is the rate of change of velocity?
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What is the horse's acceleration in Example 1?
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What is the unit of acceleration?
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What is the direction of acceleration?
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What is required to solve an acceleration problem?
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Study Notes
Acceleration and Motion
- Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity, describing how quickly an object's velocity changes.
- Acceleration is a vector quantity, with both magnitude and direction.
- The direction of acceleration is defined as the direction of the change in velocity.
Calculating Acceleration
- The formula to calculate acceleration is: 𝑎⃑ = (∆𝑣⃑) / (∆𝑡)
- To solve an acceleration problem, you need to know three values to solve for the fourth.
Units and Directions
- Acceleration takes its direction from the change in velocity.
- It is essential to define the positive direction to solve acceleration problems.
- Key phrases like "from rest" or "to a stop" indicate the initial or final velocity.
Graphical Analysis
- Position-time graphs and velocity-time graphs can be used to find position and velocity.
- Acceleration can be easily found from the velocity-time graph.
- A linear velocity-time graph indicates constant acceleration.
Example Problems
- A cruise ship can accelerate at 0.01 m/s². To reach a speed of 25 km/h from rest, it would take a certain amount of time.
- A runner can maintain a constant acceleration of 1.1 m/s² for 8.5 seconds. The distance covered can be calculated.
- A plane lands and comes to a complete stop through 180 m of runway with a deceleration of 6.25 m/s². The initial velocity can be determined.
- A cheetah can accelerate at a constant rate of 9.5 m/s². The time it takes to reach its top speed from an initial velocity can be calculated.
Gravity and Acceleration
- Acceleration due to gravity is used frequently and is given the symbol g.
- The average value of g is 9.8 m/s², but it can vary slightly around the world.
Motion and Velocity
- A train travels at a certain speed, and its destination is a certain distance away. The time until it arrives can be calculated.
- The Mars rover, Curiosity, has a maximum speed and can travel a certain distance in a certain time. The displacement can be calculated.
- A jet travels a certain distance in a certain time, and its velocity can be calculated.
Graphical Representation
- Position-time graphs, velocity-time graphs, and acceleration-time graphs can be used to represent motion.
- The slope of a velocity-time graph relates to the acceleration.
- Horizontal lines and lines with negative slopes can be used to describe motion.
- The area under a velocity-time graph can be used to find the displacement.
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Description
Learn about acceleration, its formula, and how to calculate it. Understand the concept of acceleration as a vector quantity with magnitude and direction.
