Physical Training Among Tarahumara Children
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Questions and Answers

What was the typical resting stance adopted by Humans until the late 15th century in Europe?

  • Lying down
  • Squatting (correct)
  • Sitting with back support
  • Kneeling

How much time was spent in a deep squat among modern hunter-gatherers, subsistence farmers, and preindustrialized societies?

  • 40% (correct)
  • 30%
  • 60%
  • 50%

What is the main concern associated with prolonged sedentary periods according to the text?

  • Increased sugar uptake
  • Lower fat absorption
  • Reduced uptake of sugar and fat (correct)
  • Reduced water intake

During which time period were chairs with back support uncommon?

<p>Middle Ages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of sedentary behavior involved sitting with legs out in front?

<p>30% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the maximum duration for sitting behaviors as mentioned in the text?

<p>45 minutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary metabolic response to physical activity described in the text?

<p>Increased uptake of sugar and fat from the blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of long periods of inactivity described in the text?

<p>Increased inflammatory response (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does physical activity affect inflammation according to the text?

<p>Physical activity induces an inflammatory response, but this is reduced after the activity stops (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of human physiology described in the text?

<p>Humans are adapted to be highly energy efficient and do as little physical activity as possible (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the key development of the Neolithic Agricultural Revolution described in the text?

<p>The domestication of animals and plants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between sedentary behavior and inflammation described in the text?

<p>Sedentary behavior increases inflammation through elevated cytokine levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea expressed in the text regarding the impact of sedentary behavior?

<p>Human physiology is not adapted to sedentary behavior. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did the opportunity for some people to engage in less physical activity begin?

<p>During the Neolithic Agricultural Revolution. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did ancient Chinese and Indian philosophies emphasize regarding physical activity?

<p>They emphasized movement practices for promoting health and wellbeing. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about the awareness of the benefits of physical activity throughout human history?

<p>The benefits of physical activity were widely known and accepted. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the movement practices emphasized in ancient China and India serve as?

<p>The earliest evidence of the medical specialty that became sports medicine. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common criticism of the assertion that the Neolithic Agricultural Revolution led to a mismatch between physiological attributes and physical activity opportunities?

<p>The criticism argues that subsistence farmers exhibited increased physical activity levels compared to hunter-gatherers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason Tarahumara children can regularly outperform their peers in a 10 mile course?

<p>They have a societal need to engage in long-distance walking, which cultivates their ability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What measure of physical activity is suggested as more useful than body size?

<p>Physical activity level (PAL) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what is the average daily walking distance for Tarahumara children?

<p>10 miles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the passage suggest is the reason Tarahumara children's daily walking is considered their 'training'?

<p>Their daily existence of walking long distances is itself the training. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the passage?

<p>The societal factors that influence physical activity levels. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of using Physical Activity Level (PAL) as a measure of physical activity, as opposed to body size?

<p>PAL is less biased by differences in body size between individuals. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about hunter-gatherer populations and non-human great apes?

<p>They exhibit similar levels of energy expenditure while foraging for food. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of the endurance adaptations acquired by humans, according to the text?

<p>It allows for acquiring more energy at a faster rate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Inactivity Mismatch Hypothesis, what is human physiology adapted for?

<p>Consistent muscle activity throughout the day associated with physical activity and active rest postures. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the time spent sitting compare between modern humans and hunter-gatherer populations or non-human great apes?

<p>The time spent sitting is similar between modern humans, hunter-gatherer populations, and non-human great apes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much more energy is required for sitting with your back against a backrest compared to laying down?

<p>4% more energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is NOT supported by the information provided in the text?

<p>Modern humans and non-human great apes have different physiological adaptations related to physical activity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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