30 Questions
What was the typical resting stance adopted by Humans until the late 15th century in Europe?
Squatting
How much time was spent in a deep squat among modern hunter-gatherers, subsistence farmers, and preindustrialized societies?
40%
What is the main concern associated with prolonged sedentary periods according to the text?
Reduced uptake of sugar and fat
During which time period were chairs with back support uncommon?
Middle Ages
What percentage of sedentary behavior involved sitting with legs out in front?
30%
What was the maximum duration for sitting behaviors as mentioned in the text?
45 minutes
What is the primary metabolic response to physical activity described in the text?
Increased uptake of sugar and fat from the blood
What is the effect of long periods of inactivity described in the text?
Increased inflammatory response
How does physical activity affect inflammation according to the text?
Physical activity induces an inflammatory response, but this is reduced after the activity stops
What is the key characteristic of human physiology described in the text?
Humans are adapted to be highly energy efficient and do as little physical activity as possible
What was the key development of the Neolithic Agricultural Revolution described in the text?
The domestication of animals and plants
What is the relationship between sedentary behavior and inflammation described in the text?
Sedentary behavior increases inflammation through elevated cytokine levels
What is the main idea expressed in the text regarding the impact of sedentary behavior?
Human physiology is not adapted to sedentary behavior.
When did the opportunity for some people to engage in less physical activity begin?
During the Neolithic Agricultural Revolution.
What did ancient Chinese and Indian philosophies emphasize regarding physical activity?
They emphasized movement practices for promoting health and wellbeing.
What does the text suggest about the awareness of the benefits of physical activity throughout human history?
The benefits of physical activity were widely known and accepted.
What did the movement practices emphasized in ancient China and India serve as?
The earliest evidence of the medical specialty that became sports medicine.
What is a common criticism of the assertion that the Neolithic Agricultural Revolution led to a mismatch between physiological attributes and physical activity opportunities?
The criticism argues that subsistence farmers exhibited increased physical activity levels compared to hunter-gatherers.
What is the primary reason Tarahumara children can regularly outperform their peers in a 10 mile course?
They have a societal need to engage in long-distance walking, which cultivates their ability.
What measure of physical activity is suggested as more useful than body size?
Physical activity level (PAL)
According to the passage, what is the average daily walking distance for Tarahumara children?
10 miles
What does the passage suggest is the reason Tarahumara children's daily walking is considered their 'training'?
Their daily existence of walking long distances is itself the training.
What is the primary focus of the passage?
The societal factors that influence physical activity levels.
What is the significance of using Physical Activity Level (PAL) as a measure of physical activity, as opposed to body size?
PAL is less biased by differences in body size between individuals.
Which of the following statements is true about hunter-gatherer populations and non-human great apes?
They exhibit similar levels of energy expenditure while foraging for food.
What is the advantage of the endurance adaptations acquired by humans, according to the text?
It allows for acquiring more energy at a faster rate.
According to the Inactivity Mismatch Hypothesis, what is human physiology adapted for?
Consistent muscle activity throughout the day associated with physical activity and active rest postures.
How does the time spent sitting compare between modern humans and hunter-gatherer populations or non-human great apes?
The time spent sitting is similar between modern humans, hunter-gatherer populations, and non-human great apes.
How much more energy is required for sitting with your back against a backrest compared to laying down?
4% more energy
Which of the following statements is NOT supported by the information provided in the text?
Modern humans and non-human great apes have different physiological adaptations related to physical activity.
Explore how Tarahumara children's daily activities contribute to their physical abilities and performance in events like completing a 10-mile course. Learn about the unique training approach of Tarahumara children based on their daily existence.
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