Physical States of Matter

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of matter?

A living thing that can breathe

An object that has no weight

Something that has only mass

A substance that occupies space and has mass (correct)

What are the five basic elements according to Indian Philosophers?

Air, Earth, Fire, Sky, Water (correct)

Earth, Air, Fire, Water, Wood

Water, Earth, Air, Fire, Metal

Earth, Air, Fire, Water, Soil

What is the nature of particles of matter?

They are only found in living things

They are minutely small and cannot be seen with a simple microscope (correct)

They are very large and can be seen with the naked eye

They are stationary and do not move

What is the reason the salt disappears when mixed with water?

The salt has occupied the space between the particles of water Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason the water colour dissolves and changes the colour of the water?

The particles of the water colour are moving rapidly Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of particles of matter that allows them to change the colour of water?

They have kinetic energy Signup and view all the answers

Why do we need to apply force to move our hand in seawater?

Because the particles of seawater attract each other Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason particles of matter have mass?

Because they occupy space Signup and view all the answers

What is the state of matter where particles are super energetic and super excited?

Plasma Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following states of matter has the highest force of attraction between particles?

Solid Signup and view all the answers

What is the state of matter where particles can be compressed easily?

Gas Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum temperature required to form a Bose-Einstein Condensate?

-273 C Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a plasma?

Both A and B Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a solid?

Fixed shape Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of a gas?

No fixed shape and volume Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of cooling a group of atoms to a very low temperature?

Decrease in velocity Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of particles in a solid?

They have a fixed position and are closely packed Signup and view all the answers

What is the state of matter characterized by a high temperature and ionized particles?

Plasma Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for the glowing of the sun and stars?

Due to the presence of a plasma Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of particles in a plasma?

They are ionized and glow Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a condensate?

To freeze pulses of light Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of particles in a gas?

They have a lot of space to move and are not ionized Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of temperature on the speed of particles?

The speed of particles increases with an increase in temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of particles in a liquid?

They flow easily and exert pressure on the container Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the diffusion of honey and blue ink in water?

Blue ink diffuses faster than honey in water Signup and view all the answers

What is a B.E.C. (Bose-Einstein condensate) used as?

A model for a rotating black hole Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Activity/Project 4?

To compare the rate of diffusion of liquids having different densities Signup and view all the answers

What can be concluded about the rate of diffusion of liquids with different densities?

Liquids with higher density diffuse slower than liquids with lower density Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Activity/Project 5?

To study the variation of rate of diffusion with temperature of solid in liquid Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the rate of diffusion with increase in temperature?

The rate of diffusion increases with increase in temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increase in temperature on the kinetic energy of molecules?

The kinetic energy of molecules increases with increase in temperature Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the colour of the solution in the beaker with hot water in Activity/Project 5?

The colour of the solution becomes blue faster Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the violet coloured vapours of iodine?

They get condensed and change into solid iodine Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the water level when Seema dissolves some salt with water?

There is little increase in water level Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of matter?

Matter is made up of extremely small particles Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the rate of diffusion, evaporation, and solubility of solid in liquid when temperature increases?

They increase Signup and view all the answers

At what conditions of temperature and pressure can LPG gas be liquefied?

Low temperature and high pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of iodine subliming?

It gets purified Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of particles of matter?

They are continuously moving Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of dissolving salt in water?

There is a little increase in water level Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Physical State of Matter

Solids: fixed shape, fixed volume, cannot be compressed, strong force of attraction between particles, high melting and boiling point, least inter-particle space, ordered arrangement of particles, particles are not free to move, do not flow, exert pressure on walls of container.
Liquids: no fixed shape, fixed volume, cannot be compressed, less force of attraction between particles, low melting and boiling point, more inter-particle space, little order in arrangement of particles, particles can move, flow, and exert pressure on walls of container.
Gases: no fixed shape, no fixed volume, can be compressed, least force of attraction between particles, low melting and boiling point, maximum inter-particle space, no order in arrangement of particles, particles move freely, flow, and exert pressure on walls of container.

Plasma

Fourth state of matter
Consists of super-energetic and super-excited particles in the form of ionized gases
Fluorescent tubes and neon signs contain plasma
Plasma glows with a special color depending on the nature of the gas
Stars and sun glow due to the presence of plasma in them

Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC)

Fifth state of matter
Formed when matter is cooled to near absolute zero (-273°C)
Particles have very low energy, overlapping each other to form a single super atom
A rotating BEC can be used as a model for a black hole
Can be used to "freeze" pulses of light and release them again when the condensate breaks down

Characteristics of Matter

Matter is composed of minutely small particles called atoms
Particles of matter have space between them
Particles of matter are continuously moving and possess kinetic energy
Particles of matter attract each other

Diffusion and Evaporation

Diffusion is the process of particles moving from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
Evaporation is the process of particles changing from a liquid state to a gas state
Both diffusion and evaporation increase with an increase in temperature
Liquids with higher density diffuse slower than liquids with lower density
The rate of diffusion increases with an increase in temperature

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Description

Quiz on the physical states of matter, including solids, liquids, gases, and plasma. Understand the properties and characteristics of each state.