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Questions and Answers
Which of the following physical properties is typically characteristic of metals?
Which of the following physical properties is typically characteristic of metals?
Which of the following chemical properties is characteristic of non-metals?
Which of the following chemical properties is characteristic of non-metals?
Which of the following elements is a metal?
Which of the following elements is a metal?
Which of the following is a characteristic of metalloids?
Which of the following is a characteristic of metalloids?
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Which of the following physical properties is characteristic of non-metals?
Which of the following physical properties is characteristic of non-metals?
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What is a common chemical property of metals?
What is a common chemical property of metals?
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Study Notes
Physical Properties of Metals
- Typically shiny and have a high luster
- Good conductors of heat and electricity
- Malleable (can be pounded into shape) and ductile (can be stretched into thin wires)
- Have high density and high melting and boiling points
- Often have a high tensile strength (can withstand stress without breaking)
Physical Properties of Non-Metals
- Dull and brittle (can break easily)
- Poor conductors of heat and electricity
- Neither malleable nor ductile
- Have low density and low melting and boiling points
- Often have a low tensile strength
Chemical Properties of Metals
- Tend to lose electrons to form positive ions (cations)
- React with acids to produce hydrogen gas
- Can displace hydrogen from water to produce hydrogen gas
- Often react with oxygen to produce oxides
Chemical Properties of Non-Metals
- Tend to gain electrons to form negative ions (anions)
- Do not react with acids to produce hydrogen gas
- Do not displace hydrogen from water to produce hydrogen gas
- Often react with oxygen to produce covalent compounds
Examples of Metals and Non-Metals
- Metals: sodium (Na), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au)
- Non-Metals: carbon (C), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S)
Metalloids
- Also known as semimetals
- Exhibit some properties of metals and some properties of non-metals
- Examples: silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te)
Physical Properties
- Metals have a high luster and are good conductors of heat and electricity
- Metals are malleable (can be pounded into shape) and ductile (can be stretched into thin wires)
- Metals have high density and high melting and boiling points
- Metals often have a high tensile strength (can withstand stress without breaking)
- Non-metals are dull and brittle (can break easily)
- Non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity
- Non-metals have low density and low melting and boiling points
- Non-metals often have a low tensile strength
Chemical Properties
- Metals tend to lose electrons to form positive ions (cations)
- Metals react with acids to produce hydrogen gas
- Metals can displace hydrogen from water to produce hydrogen gas
- Metals often react with oxygen to produce oxides
- Non-metals tend to gain electrons to form negative ions (anions)
- Non-metals do not react with acids to produce hydrogen gas
- Non-metals do not displace hydrogen from water to produce hydrogen gas
- Non-metals often react with oxygen to produce covalent compounds
Examples of Elements
- Metals: sodium (Na), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au)
- Non-Metals: carbon (C), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S)
Metalloids
- Also known as semimetals
- Exhibit some properties of metals and some properties of non-metals
- Examples: silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te)
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Description
Learn about the distinct physical properties of metals and non-metals, including their appearance, conductivity, malleability, and strength.
