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Questions and Answers
What is the state of aliphatic carboxylic acids with up to nine carbon atoms at room temperature?
What is the state of aliphatic carboxylic acids with up to nine carbon atoms at room temperature?
Higher carboxylic acids are usually odourless due to their high volatility.
Higher carboxylic acids are usually odourless due to their high volatility.
False
What causes carboxylic acids to have higher boiling points than aldehydes, ketones, and alcohols of comparable molecular masses?
What causes carboxylic acids to have higher boiling points than aldehydes, ketones, and alcohols of comparable molecular masses?
Extensive intermolecular hydrogen bonding
Carboxylic acids with up to four carbon atoms are _____ in water.
Carboxylic acids with up to four carbon atoms are _____ in water.
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Match the following carboxylic acids with their solubility in water:
Match the following carboxylic acids with their solubility in water:
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the solubility of higher carboxylic acids?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the solubility of higher carboxylic acids?
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Most carboxylic acids exist as monomers in the vapor phase.
Most carboxylic acids exist as monomers in the vapor phase.
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Study Notes
Physical Properties of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids
- Aliphatic carboxylic acids with up to nine carbon atoms are colorless liquids at room temperature, and have unpleasant odors.
- Higher carboxylic acids are waxy solids with low volatility and are practically odorless.
- Carboxylic acids have higher boiling points than comparable aldehydes, ketones, and alcohols due to extensive intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
- This hydrogen bonding persists even in the vapor phase, where many carboxylic acids exist as dimers.
Solubility of Carboxylic Acids
- Short-chain aliphatic carboxylic acids (up to four carbon atoms) are miscible with water due to hydrogen bonding with water molecules.
- Solubility decreases with increasing chain length.
- Higher carboxylic acids are practically insoluble in water due to strong hydrophobic interactions from their hydrocarbon parts.
- Benzoic acid, a simple aromatic carboxylic acid, is nearly insoluble in cold water.
- Carboxylic acids are soluble in less polar organic solvents like benzene, ether, alcohol, and chloroform.
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Description
Explore the physical and solubility characteristics of aliphatic carboxylic acids. This quiz covers their state at room temperature, boiling points, and interaction with water, providing insight into their unique properties. Test your knowledge on how chain length affects these substances.
