20 Questions
Which term refers to the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all the particles that compose a system?
Internal energy
According to the Zero Law of Thermodynamics, what does it state when two systems are in thermodynamic equilibrium with a third system?
The two original systems are in thermal equilibrium with each other
What is the term for a region of the universe that we direct our attention to?
System
What is the main concept of the First Law of Thermodynamics?
Energy can be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created nor destroyed
What is the transfer of thermal energy between two bodies that are at different temperatures?
Heat
What is the equation representing the First Law of Thermodynamics?
$\Delta E = Q + W$
What term is used for the transfer of energy used to change the height of a weight of a system in respect to its surroundings?
Work
What is the main concept of the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
The entropy of the universe will increase during any spontaneous change
Which variable determines the thermodynamic state of a system?
All of the above
What is the measure of disorder in thermodynamics?
Entropy
What is the term for everything outside a system?
Surroundings
What does a positive $\Delta H$ indicate in terms of heat change for a reaction?
Heat is taken from the environment (endothermic)
Which type of energy transfer can be either be done by the system (-) or on the system (+)?
Work
Under what temperature conditions does the reaction $O2 \rightarrow 2O$ occur spontaneously?
$\Delta H < T\Delta S$ and high temperature
What is defined as the flow and transformation of energy from one form into another form?
Thermodynamics
What is the condition for a process to occur spontaneously based on $\Delta G$?
$\Delta G < 0$
Which term refers to the boundary that separates a system from its surroundings?
Boundary
What is the term for the spontaneity of reaction rate of reaction?
Spontaneous energy
What kind of energy is the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all the particles that compose a system?
Internal energy
What refers to energy entering or being withdrawn from a system as heat or work?
Heat and work
Explore the fundamental concepts of thermodynamics in the context of physical pharmacy, covering energy, its flow, and transformation from one form to another. Learn about the control of chemical reactions, spontaneity, reaction rates, and the various forms of energy. Delve into the internal energy of a system and its components including kinetic and potential energies.
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