Physical Pharmacy Thermodynamics: Energy and Reactions
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Questions and Answers

Which term refers to the sum of kinetic and potential energies of all particles in a system?

  • Boundary
  • Surroundings
  • Thermodynamic System
  • Internal Energy (correct)

    • What is thermodynamics primarily concerned with?

  • The forms of energy in the surroundings
  • The composition of particles in a system
  • The flow of energy within a system (correct)
  • The speed of chemical reactions

    • What is the transfer of thermal energy between two bodies at different temperatures called?

  • Surroundings Heat (q)
  • System Work (w)
  • Heat (correct)
  • Work

    • How is work defined in the context of thermodynamics?

    <p>Transfer of energy used to change the height of a weight of a system in respect to its surroundings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does thermodynamic state refer to?

    <p>The state of the system with a definite value of dependent variable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best example of a thermodynamic system as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Universe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Zero Law of Thermodynamics, what does it state if two systems are in thermodynamic equilibrium with a third system?

    <p>The two original systems are in thermal equilibrium with each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the First Law of Thermodynamics state about the conversion of energy?

    <p>Energy can be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created nor destroyed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between heat, work, and internal energy according to the First Law of Thermodynamics?

    <p>$\Delta E = Q + W$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the increase in enthalpy, $\Delta H$, represent?

    <p>The heat absorbed by the system at constant pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, what is the direction of heat flow?

    <p>Heat flows from a hotter body to a colder body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is entropy a measure of?

    <p>Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Second Law of Thermodynamics state about the entropy of the entire universe?

    <p>The entropy of the entire universe will always increase over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

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