10 Questions
Which type of system is an organism that maintains a constant composition in completely changing environments?
Open system
What is the degree of disorder or randomness in a system known as?
Entropy
In which type of system does the state change when one of its properties is altered?
Isolated system
What type of energy transfer occurs when two bodies in contact with different temperatures exchange energy?
Heat
Which law should apply whether the laws of thermodynamics are inside or outside a living organism?
Laws of thermodynamics
What is the process by which cells continuously consume energy to maintain their living state and allow synthesis of macromolecules?
Bioenergetics
Which compound is an endergonic process that requires the coupling to hydrolysis of ATP to supply energy?
Proteins
What is the potential phosphoryl group donor stored by bacteria, especially those with spores?
PolyP
Which type of interactions are responsible for the attraction due to induced dipoles?
London interactions
In fluorescence spectroscopy, what does a negative hydropathy index indicate about a biomolecule?
It is hydrophobic and likely membrane-bound
Study Notes
Homeostasis and Systems
- An organism that maintains a constant composition in completely changing environments is a homeostatic system.
Thermodynamics
- The degree of disorder or randomness in a system is known as entropy.
- A closed system is one where the state changes when one of its properties is altered.
Energy Transfer
- Energy transfer that occurs when two bodies in contact with different temperatures exchange energy is heat transfer.
Laws of Thermodynamics
- The laws of thermodynamics apply whether inside or outside a living organism.
Cellular Processes
- The process by which cells continuously consume energy to maintain their living state and allow synthesis of macromolecules is called cellular metabolism.
Energetics
- Peptidoglycan synthesis is an endergonic process that requires the coupling to hydrolysis of ATP to supply energy.
Energy Storage
- Polyphosphate is the potential phosphoryl group donor stored by bacteria, especially those with spores.
Intermolecular Forces
- London dispersion forces are responsible for the attraction due to induced dipoles.
Fluorescence Spectroscopy
- A negative hydropathy index in fluorescence spectroscopy indicates a hydrophilic region in a biomolecule.
Test your knowledge of the physical foundations of biochemistry with this quiz. Explore concepts such as vitalism, the laws of thermodynamics, and the equilibrium of organisms in changing environments.
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