Physical Fitness and Exercise Science

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Questions and Answers

Appropriate ______ fitness is necessary for the development of healthy personality.

physical

Needs and abilities are necessary to make the individuals body ready for ______.

exercise

While increasing the exercise training the intensity and load should be increased slowly and ______.

steadily

Physical activity should be there for getting favorable changes in ______.

<p>exercises</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do you mean by frequency of exercise?

<p>The number of exercise sessions or training sessions we do in a week is called the frequency of training.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principles should be considered while doing exercises?

<p>While preparing an exercise program that leads to positive changes, the following principles of fitness must be followed:</p> <ol> <li>Individualization</li> <li>Specificity</li> <li>Overload</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to improve mental health and concentration?

<p>Yoga should be included, as it can enhance physical fitness, improve mental well-being, and enhance concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

For how many hours exercise should be performed daily?

<p>You should exercise for at least one hour daily, incorporating exercises that range from moderate-intensity to high-intensity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write the names of five components of health related physical fitness.

<p>The five components of health-related physical fitness are:</p> <ol> <li>Cardiovascular Endurance</li> <li>Muscular Strength</li> <li>Muscular Endurance</li> <li>Flexibility</li> <li>Body Composition</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Write three main parts of an exercise session.

<p>An exercise session typically consists of three distinct parts:</p> <ol> <li>Warming Up</li> <li>Main activity (e.g., game, specific exercise)</li> <li>Cooling Down</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Which exercise should be selected to improve the cardiovascular endurance in daily exercise?

<p>In fitness training, it is crucial to avoid repetition of the same exercise type. Variety of exercises should be incorporated to enhance the training and keep it engaging.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write the importance of fitness for a healthy life?

<p>Regular physical activity and exercise can improve overall health, reduce the risk of chronic diseases like diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases, and enhance quality of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Prepare your individual exercise or training program for developing physical fitness.

<p>To create an effective exercise program:</p> <ol> <li>Define your fitness goals.</li> <li>Create a balanced routine involving diverse activities.</li> <li>Start gradually and progressively increase intensity.</li> <li>Incorporate exercise into your daily schedule.</li> <li>Include various activities to challenge different muscle groups.</li> <li>Incorporate high-intensity interval training.</li> <li>Allow sufficient time for recovery.</li> <li>Document your plan for easy reference.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

The year 2020 has brought about the deadly COVID-19 ______.

<p>pandemic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Any sport or fitness program requires vigorous physical ______.

<p>activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Warm up should form an integral part of ______ exercise.

<p>daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

After any type of exercise, cool down is a ______.

<p>must</p> Signup and view all the answers

The muscles need more oxygen during ______.

<p>exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their corresponding definitions.

<p>Corona Virus against the disease = to increase the immunity Warm up = mental preparation of sport. Cooling down = to bring the tired muscle to normal Regular Exercise = increase in physical ability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The body should be prepared by doing exercise

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cooling down after exercise is not necessary to get the body back to normal.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cholesterol level in the body gets uncontrolled due to regular exercise.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The heart beats come to normal with a cooling down.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cardiac output of a person doing regular exercise or a player is more than that of a normal person

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write the importance of warming up?

<p>The importance of warming up includes:</p> <ol> <li>Improved range of motion and flexibility in joints and muscles.</li> <li>Reduced risk of injuries.</li> <li>Psychological preparation for the activity.</li> <li>Improved reflexes.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Why cooling down is necessary after exercise?

<p>Cooling down after exercise is crucial for the following reasons:</p> <ol> <li>Gradual reduction of heart rate to normal.</li> <li>Return of elevated respiratory rate to normal.</li> <li>Reduction of muscle fatigue.</li> <li>Restoration of the body's systems to their normal resting state.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Write the benefits of regular exercise?

<p>The benefits of regular exercise are:</p> <ol> <li>Control and maintenance of weight.</li> <li>Maintenance of a healthy and symmetrical physique.</li> <li>Increased physical abilities.</li> <li>Improved strength and flexibility of the body.</li> <li>Enhanced functioning of the body's internal systems (respiratory, digestive, circulatory, etc.).</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Why are stretching exercises necessary after exercise?

<p>Stretching exercises are essential after exercise because they reduce lactic acid buildup, which can cause muscle pain and stiffness. Lactic acid is a byproduct of intense physical activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What will you do to protect yourself from coronavirus?

<p>To protect yourself from the coronavirus, you should:</p> <ol> <li>Wash your hands frequently with soap and water or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.</li> <li>Maintain a safe distance from individuals who are coughing or sneezing.</li> <li>Wear a mask when maintaining physical distancing is not possible.</li> <li>Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth.</li> <li>Cover your nose and mouth with your bent elbow or a tissue when you cough or sneeze.</li> <li>Stay home if you are feeling unwell.</li> <li>Seek immediate medical attention if you experience fever, cough, and difficulty breathing.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

The digestion system works to meet the need for oxygen.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Asteya means not to steal.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Asana enhances health and rejuvenates the body and mind.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the Sanskrit word from which Yoga is derived?

<p>The word 'Yoga' is derived from the Sanskrit root word 'Yuj'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Dhyana?

<p>Dhyana is focused concentration of mind on a specific object. It is often referred to as meditation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which are the 5 limbs of Bhairanga Yoga?

<p>The five limbs of Bhairanga Yoga are:</p> <ol> <li>Yama</li> <li>Niyama</li> <li>Asana</li> <li>Pranayama</li> <li>Pratyahara</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is Pranayam?

<p>Pranayama refers to the regulation of breath, involving controlled inhalations and exhalations to balance prana (life force) and enhance overall well-being.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write the benefits of Study of Yoga.

<p>The practice of Yoga offers a wide range of benefits:</p> <ol> <li>Improved functions of internal organs.</li> <li>Enhanced immunity.</li> <li>Improved blood circulation.</li> <li>Flexibility in the spine</li> <li>Increased agility.</li> <li>Improved enthusiasm for work.</li> <li>Reduction in fatigue.</li> <li>Peace of mind</li> <li>Improved concentration</li> <li>Enhanced awareness of proper body posture.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Write information of Asthanga Yoga

<p>Asthanga Yoga, also known as Raja Yoga, is a comprehensive system of yoga involving eight limbs:</p> <ol> <li>Yama</li> <li>Niyama</li> <li>Asana</li> <li>Pranayama</li> <li>Pratyahara</li> <li>Dharana</li> <li>Dhyana</li> <li>Samadhi.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the basics of Breathing.

<p>Breathing is a natural process that occurs automatically to supply the body with oxygen. During physical exertion, such as exercise, the demand for oxygen increases, and the respiratory rate accelerates. Proper breathing is crucial for maintaining energy levels and overall performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain your views on Pranayama, 'The key to social health'.

<p>Pranayama is a daily practice that involves controlled breathing exercises. Regular pranayama practice can enhance overall health, reduce stress, improve concentration, and promote a sense of calmness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is World Yoga Day?

<p>World Yoga Day is celebrated annually on June 21st. It was established by the United Nations in 2014, promoting the practice of yoga worldwide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Intake of nutrients into the body and using it means ______.

<p>nutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

From 1 gm of protein, ______ Kcal of energy is received.

<p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

Players performing strengthening exercises should increase proportions of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals in their ______.

<p>diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

Normal sedentary individuals require ______ Kcal energy daily.

<p>2500</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write only names of factors regulating the body temperature.

<p>Water</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write only names of fat-soluble vitamins.

<p>Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble vitamins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write only names of the energy-rich compound formed from glucose.

<p>Glycogen is the energy-rich compound formed from glucose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write only the name of the nutrient important for stronger bones.

<p>Minerals are important for stronger bones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write the process to prepare Sports Drink at home.

<p>To prepare a sports drink at home, combine 1 tablespoon of salt, 4 tablespoons of glucose, and half a lemon in 1 liter of water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write the importance of a Balanced Diet.

<p>A balanced diet provides essential nutrients to maintain overall health and well-being. It supports physical and mental strength, improves energy levels, and contributes to a healthy lifestyle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

On which factors the diet of sportsmen depends?

<p>A sportsperson's diet is determined by factors such as the specific sport they participate in, their age, body weight, training intensity, and the overall environment they train in.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Classify Nutrients according to their functions.

<p>Nutrients can be broadly classified into two categories:</p> <ol> <li>Macro-nutrients: These are carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. They are required in larger quantities to provide energy, support growth, and maintain overall health.</li> <li>Micro-nutrients: These include vitamins and minerals. They are needed in smaller quantities but are essential for various metabolic functions and overall well-being.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What can be done to remain active on holidays?

<p>To stay active on holidays, engage in hobbies, participate in outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, or exploring new places, and maintain regular exercise routines. Incorporate activities that keep you physically and mentally engaged.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to develop/increase physical fitness?

<p>To improve physical fitness, engage in regular exercise appropriate for your age and abilities. Choose activities that you enjoy to ensure sustained participation. Don't forget to warm-up before each workout and cool down afterward. If you are concerned about your fitness level, consider consulting a fitness professional to establish a tailored exercise plan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to know oneself?

<p>Understanding oneself encompasses understanding one's physical, mental, emotional, and social needs. It also involves identifying personal strengths, weaknesses, and interests, allowing you to make informed decisions about your lifestyle, career, and relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which qualities are important to inculcate creative/active lifestyle?

<p>To cultivate a creative and active lifestyle, it's important to develop qualities such as:</p> <ol> <li>Self-Awareness: Understand your strengths and weaknesses, and set realistic goals.</li> <li>Helpful Attitude: Be willing to assist others and contribute to the community.</li> <li>Determination: Set goals and pursue them with perseverance.</li> <li>Visionary: Think about the future and make plans for a positive and fulfilling life.</li> <li>Social Attitude: Build strong relationships with others and participate in community activities.</li> <li>Planning in Work: Organize your time and efforts to achieve goals efficiently.</li> <li>Respect for Nature: Appreciate the natural environment and strive to protect it.</li> <li>Physically Capable: Maintain fitness and maintain a healthy lifestyle.</li> <li>Diet Conscious: Make choices that promote physical and mental well-being.</li> <li>Family Conscious: Appreciate and support family members.</li> <li>Character and Values: Act with honesty, integrity, and compassion.</li> <li>Positive Approach towards Life: Maintain a positive mindset and overcome challenges effectively.</li> <li>Avoid diseases and seek medical advice when necessary.</li> <li>Mentally Fit: Manage stress effectively and promote overall well-being.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

How to make the most of your free time?

<p>To make the most if your free time, avoid excessive screen time, junk food, and unhealthy habits. Instead, engage in activities that promote physical and mental well-being such as sports, hobbies, spending time with loved ones, and exploring new places. Remember that free time is an opportunity to cultivate healthy habits and create positive memories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do you miss the most in this lockdown?

<p>I miss meeting friends and engaging in social activities such as going out for meals or coffee. I miss playing sports and interacting with my community.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the first person to wish you every year? Is there a ritual you have for this special day?

<p>My wife, Anjali, is the first person to wish me every year. I typically start the day by meeting my mother if I am in Mumbai and then continue with my usual routine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Recently it was the anniversary of the 'Desert Storm' innings and two days later you scored another hundred in the final. How did you celebrate your birthday on that day?

<p>After winning the final, I celebrated with my team and friends at a party that lasted well into the night. The victory itself made the celebration even more special.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been the most memorable or embarrassing birthday celebration?

<p>During a Mumbai Indians match, Matthew Hayden unexpectedly brought out a cake and asked me to cut it in front of the stadium. The crowd sang happy birthday. I was quite embarrassed but felt honored by the gesture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A few months ago you made Baingan Bharta for your family. Have you tried any new recipes in this lockdown?

<p>I haven't tried any new recipes during the lockdown. I made Baingan Bharta again and a simple omelette. Sara and Arjun have also started trying some new recipes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The IPL Season today would have been in full flow. So many days away from cricket practice for a lot of players. Does it affect their game?

<p>I don't think the break will affect the players too much. They have taken this time to recharge their batteries. They are still training and keeping fit. While it may take a short time to get back into the rhythm of the game, I believe they will be able to get back in shape quickly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Shiv Chhatrapati State Sports Award (______) is directly awarded after receiving Arjuna award from the Central Government.

<p>Player</p> Signup and view all the answers

Shiv Chhatrapati Sports Lifetime Award is given by ______ government.

<p>Maharashtra</p> Signup and view all the answers

Adventurous persons from Maharashtra State with special outstanding performance are felicitated by ______ state adventure sports award.

<p>Shivchartapati</p> Signup and view all the answers

Women Sports Coach who strive to raise the level of players at the national and international level and help to increase the honor of the state are felicitated by giving ______ award.

<p>jijamata</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following.

<p>Award given to persons in various Padma Award = to increase the immunity Award given to Adventurous persons award = mental preparation of sport. Shiv Chhatrapati = Highest civilian award Bharat Ratna = to bring the tired muscle to normal Award given to coaches = increase in physical ability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Players under eighteen years are felicitated by giving Shiv Chhatrapati State Adventure Sports Award.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award is an award given by the Central Government.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Padma Awards' are highest civilian awards given for outstanding performance in various fields.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

National Sports Motivation Award is given to players for the excellent performance at the national level.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Player who has given outstanding performance at the international level is felicitated by ‘Arjun' award.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which are the various awards in the sports field given by Maharashtra Government?

<p>The various awards in the sports field given by the Maharashtra government are:</p> <ol> <li>Shiv Chhatrapati State Lifetime Sports Achievement Award</li> <li>Shiv Chhatrapati State Sports Award (Best Sports Coach) and Jijamata Award (Women Sports Coach)</li> <li>Shiv Chhatrapati State Sports Award (Player)</li> <li>Shiv Chhatrapati State Adventure Sports Award</li> <li>Shiv Chhatrapati State Sports Award (Specially Abled Player)</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Which are the various awards in the sports field given by Central Government?

<p>The various awards in the sports field given by the Central Government are:</p> <ol> <li>Dhyanchand Lifetime Achievement Award</li> <li>Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award</li> <li>Arjuna Award</li> <li>Dronacharya Award</li> <li>National Sports Motivation Award</li> <li>Padma Award</li> <li>Bharat Ratna Award.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is the objective of the Shiv Chhatrapati State Sports Life Time Achievement Award?

<p>The Shiv Chhatrapati State Sports Life Time Achievement Award recognizes and appreciates individuals who have made significant and lasting contributions to the development of sports in the state of Maharashtra.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is awarded the Dhyanchand Life Time Achievement Award?

<p>The Dhyanchand Life Time Achievement Award is conferred upon individuals who have made a lasting impact on sports development throughout their careers, often extending beyond their active playing years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write the nature of the Shiv Chhatrapati State Sports Award given to the players.

<p>The Shiv Chhatrapati State Sports Award includes a certificate, a memento, a blazer, and a cash prize of one lakh rupees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write your own view regarding the competitions organized by District Sports Office

<p>District sports office competitions are crucial for promoting sports participation at the grassroots level. They provide platforms for young athletes to develop their skills, gain experience, and compete with others. They offer opportunities for growth and development in various sports disciplines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of performance of Indian athletes in Olympics?

<p>The performance of Indian athletes in the Olympic Games showcases the country's sporting talent and potential. It is a platform for athletes to compete at the highest level and inspire future generations to pursue their dreams in sports.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Physical Fitness

The state of being physically healthy and capable of performing physical activities.

Needs and Abilities

The specific needs and abilities of an individual that determine how their body responds to exercise.

Overload Principle

A principle of exercise that involves gradually increasing the intensity, duration, or frequency of exercise over time.

Specificity Principle

A principle of exercise that involves focusing on specific muscle groups or movements to achieve desired fitness goals.

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Individualization Principle

A principle of exercise that involves adapting the exercise program to the individual's unique characteristics.

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Warm Up

A period of light physical activity before starting a workout, designed to prepare the body for more intense exercise.

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Cool Down

A period of light physical activity after a workout, designed to help the body recover and return to a resting state.

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Oxygen

The essential element that muscles need to function during exercise.

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Stretching Exercises

A set of exercises that focus on stretching and increasing range of motion, typically performed after exercise to improve flexibility.

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Nutrition

The process of taking in nutrients and using them for growth, repair, and energy production.

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Glycogen

Energy-rich compound formed from glucose, primarily stored in the liver and muscles, providing a readily available energy source.

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Sprouted Food

A type of food that is considered to have a high nutritional value and is often recommended for health benefits, like sprouted grains.

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Fried Food

Food that has been cooked in oil or grease, often considered unhealthy due to its higher fat content.

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Thermoregulation

The ability of the body to maintain a stable internal environment, including temperature regulation.

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Active Lifestyle

The state of being physically and mentally well, often associated with a healthy lifestyle.

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High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT)

A form of exercise that involves short bursts of high-intensity activity followed by periods of rest or low-intensity activity.

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Match Statistics Table

A way to visually represent data, typically used to summarize performance or progress, such as a table showing wins, losses, and ties.

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Arjuna Award

A prestigious sports award awarded by the Indian government for outstanding achievements in sports.

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Dronacharya Award

A prestigious sports award awarded by the Indian government for excellence in coaching.

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Dhyanchand Lifetime Achievement Award

A prestigious sports award awarded by the Indian government for lifetime achievement in sports.

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Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award

A prestigious sports award awarded by the Indian government for outstanding achievements in sports.

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Shiv Chhatrapati State Sports Award

A state-level sports award given by the Maharashtra government to recognize outstanding sports achievements.

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Shivchartapati State Adventure Sports Award

A state-level sports award given by the Maharashtra government to recognize outstanding achievements in adventure sports.

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Jijamata Award

A state-level sports award given by the Maharashtra government to recognize outstanding contributions by women sports coaches.

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Khelo India District Level Sports Competition

A state-level sports competition organized by the Maharashtra government to identify and nurture young athletic talent.

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Tapas

A Sanskrit word that means 'to increase ones physical, mental, and intellectual fire.'

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Swadhyaya

A Sanskrit word that means 'study of oneself by self.'

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Origin of Yoga

The belief that yoga originated in the Sanskrit culture.

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Asteya

The practice of Asteya, meaning not to steal.

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Benefits of Yoga

The benefits of practicing yoga, including improved peace of mind and concentration.

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Weight Management

The concept of maintaining a healthy weight through regular exercise and a balanced diet.

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Benefits of Exercise

The benefits of regular exercise, including improved physical function, mental well-being, and cardiovascular health.

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Variety in Exercise

The concept of using different types of exercise to achieve a balanced fitness routine.

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Study Notes

Chapter 1. Physical Fitness

  • Appropriate physical fitness is essential for healthy development.
  • Needs and abilities are necessary to prepare individuals for exercise.
  • Exercise intensity and load should be increased gradually and steadily.
  • Physical activity is crucial for positive changes in exercise.
  • Frequency of exercise refers to the number of training sessions per week.
  • Principles of individualization, specificity, and overload are important when creating an exercise program.
  • Yoga can improve mental health and concentration.
  • At least one hour of daily exercise is beneficial, including exercises of medium to high intensity.
  • Five components of health-related physical fitness include cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, and muscular endurance, flexibility, and body composition.

Chapter 2. Exercise: The Scientific View

  • The year 2020 brought the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Any sport or fitness program involves vigorous physical activity.
  • A warm-up is an essential part of daily exercise.
  • Cooling down after exercise is crucial.
  • Muscles require more oxygen during exercise.
  • Physical activity improves health and reduces disease risk.
  • Exercise benefits include improved quality of life, controlling weight, improving physical abilities and increasing strength and flexibility which are essential for maintaining physical fitness.
  • Creating a balanced exercise routine, starting slowly, progressively increasing intensity, and including different activities are crucial steps when planning a training program.
  • Physical fitness goals should be considered when creating a personal routine.
  • Incorporating activities into daily routines, high-intensity interval training, adequate rest periods, and documentation enhance the efficiency of a fitness plan for individual needs.

Chapter 3. Study of Yoga

  • Yoga originated in Sanskrit culture.
  • Dharana, Dhyana, and Samadhi are three limbs of Ashtanga.
  • Swadhyaya is the study of oneself.
  • Aasanas are the state that brings stability to the body and happiness to the mind.
  • Tapas refers to intellectual fire.
  • Ishwar Pranidhana is the entrusting of one's actions and karma to God.
  • Santosha is satisfaction and a happy attitude.
  • The digestive system doesn't directly use oxygen.
  • Asteya means not to steal.
  • Asanas enhance health and rejuvenate the body and mind..
  • Yoga is derived from the Sanskrit root "yuj."
  • Dhyana is maintaining concentration on a single object.
  • Bhairanga Yoga consists of Yama, Niyama, Asana, Pranayama, and Pratyahara.

Chapter 4. Diet

  • Nutritional intake and its utilization by the body is called nutrition.
  • 1 gram of protein provides 4 kcal of energy.
  • Athletes or individuals with increased physical activity should increase the proportion of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals in their diet.
  • A normal sedentary individual requires approximately 2500 kcal of energy daily.

Chapter 5. Active Lifestyle

  • A healthy and active lifestyle is essential for daily life because of physical and mental fitness.
  • Individual lifestyles depend on interest and thoughts..
  • Daily work efforts have lessened in modern times.
  • A strong immune system is essential for preventing illness. .
  • Recognizing the importance of a healthy body is essential.

Chapter 7. Sports Awards

  • The Shiv Chhatrapati State Sports Award (Player award) is given after receiving the Arjuna award.
  • The Maharashtra government awards the Shiv Chhatrapati Sports Lifetime Award.
  • The highest civilian award in the country is Bharat Ratna.
  • Outstanding athletes and sports coaches for achievement or contribution receive special awards.
  • Sports awards motivate athletes to strive for excellence.
  • The Dhyanchand Lifetime Achievement Award serves to recognize and inspire athletes who continually contribute to sports.

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