Physical Changes and States of Matter

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Questions and Answers

What happens to a substance's temperature during the boiling process?

It remains constant until all particles have vaporized. (correct)

It increases steadily.

It decreases slowly.

It fluctuates randomly.

What is required for a particle to evaporate from a liquid surface?

A decrease in the liquid's surface area.

A drop in surrounding temperature.

Enough energy to overcome air pressure. (correct)

Less energy than the attractive forces.

What is the process called when a gas loses thermal energy and turns into a liquid?

Sublimation

Condensation (correct)

Evaporation

Melting

What occurs during the freezing process of a liquid?

Thermal energy is removed, causing particles to slow down. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the opposite of melting?

Freezing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a physical change?

Cutting a paper Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when ice melts?

Particles become spaced further apart Signup and view all the answers

What type of change is rusting of iron considered?

Chemical change Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the change of state from a liquid to a gas?

Evaporation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding changes of state?

Only the arrangement and spacing of particles change Signup and view all the answers

What happens during boiling?

Energy is absorbed uniformly throughout the liquid Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the change of state from gas to liquid?

Condensation Signup and view all the answers

When a substance undergoes sublimation, it changes from which state to which state?

Solid to gas Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that allows particles to escape from a liquid during evaporation?

Sufficient energy to overcome particle attraction Signup and view all the answers

What must happen for condensation to occur?

Removal of thermal energy from the gas Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the freezing process?

It leads to the formation of an organized structure in the solid. Signup and view all the answers

Which process is the opposite of condensation?

Evaporation Signup and view all the answers

What takes place at a substance's boiling point?

The temperature remains constant while the liquid turns into gas. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes represents a chemical change?

Baking a cake Signup and view all the answers

What change occurs when ice turns into water?

Melting Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that affects changes in the state of matter?

Transferring thermal energy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the mass of matter during a change of state?

It remains constant regardless of the change. Signup and view all the answers

During which change of state do particles gain energy and move apart from each other?

Melting Signup and view all the answers

Which process is described as the change from a gas to a solid?

Deposition Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a physical change?

Frying an egg Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a liquid turns into vapor all throughout the liquid?

Vaporization Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Physical Change

A physical change alters the physical properties of matter, but its identity remains the same.
Examples include changes in state, shape, size, and texture.

Examples of Physical Changes

Water turning into ice
Baking a cake
Frying an egg
Cutting paper
Folding clothes
Water droplets on the lid of a cooking pan
A green tomato turning red when it ripens
Water turning into ice

Changes of State

Changing matter's state requires energy transfer.
Thermal energy is a form of energy that is involved in changing state.
Examples of changes of state include melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, and sublimation

How State Changes Occur

Melting: When a substance gains thermal energy, particles speed up, break apart, and the substance changes from a solid to a liquid. The melting point is the specific temperature where this transition occurs. The temperature remains constant during the melting process.
Freezing: When a substance loses thermal energy, particles slow down and the substance changes from a liquid to a solid. The freezing point is the temperature at which this occurs. The temperature remains constant during the freezing process.
Evaporation: The change of a liquid to a gas, occurring only at the surface of a liquid. Particles at the surface gain enough energy to overcome attractive forces and escape into the air as a gas, overcoming air pressure, too.
Boiling: Vaporization that occurs throughout a liquid, not only at its surface. A liquid boils when its temperature reaches its boiling point. At this point, the particles throughout the liquid have enough energy to escape into the gaseous phase. The temperature of the liquid remains constant until all the liquid changes to a gas.
Condensation: The change of state from a gas to a liquid. Particles in a gas lose energy and slow down. They begin to attract each other, and the gas condenses into a liquid.
Sublimation: The change of state from a solid directly to a gas. Particles in a solid gain enough energy to go directly from the solid to the gaseous state without going through the liquid phase.

Changes in State: Mass and Particles

The number of particles stays the same during a change of state. Only their spacing and arrangement change.
The total mass of the matter does not change during a change of state. Whether the substance melts, freezes, boils, evaporates, condenses, or sublimates, the mass remains the same.

Reversible Changes

Changes of state are reversible. The same process can be reversed, for example melting ice turns it to water then back into ice.

What is NOT a Physical Change?

Chemical changes, such as burning a match. Rusting of iron is also a chemical change. These changes alter the substance's identity.

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Description

This quiz covers the concept of physical changes in matter and the processes involved in changing states. Explore various examples such as melting, freezing, and evaporation, and understand how energy transfer influences these changes. Test your knowledge on the characteristics and definitions of each change.