Physical and Chemical Properties of Metals

Study Notes

Physical Properties of Metals

Luster: Metals typically have a shiny appearance
Ductility: Metals can be drawn into thin wires or sheets without breaking
Malleability: Metals can be pounded into shape without breaking
Conductivity: Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity
Density: Metals are typically dense, with a high mass per unit volume

Chemical Properties of Metals

Reactivity: Metals tend to lose electrons to form ions, making them reactive
Corrosion: Metals can react with air and water to form compounds, leading to corrosion
Electrolysis: Metals can be used to facilitate electrolysis, the decomposition of substances using electricity

Types of Metals

Alkali Metals: Group 1 elements, highly reactive and tend to lose one electron to form a +1 ion
Alkaline Earth Metals: Group 2 elements, less reactive than alkali metals and tend to lose two electrons to form a +2 ion
Transition Metals: Elements in the d-block, characterized by their ability to form ions with different charges
Lanthanides and Actinides: Rare earth elements, also known as the inner transition metals

Uses of Metals

Structural Applications: Metals are used in building and construction due to their strength and durability
Electronics: Metals are used in electronic devices due to their conductivity and ability to facilitate electron flow
Transportation: Metals are used in vehicles and transportation infrastructure due to their strength, durability, and corrosion resistance
Catalysts: Some metals are used as catalysts in chemical reactions, speeding up the reaction without being consumed

Description

Learn about the physical properties of metals, including luster, ductility, and conductivity. Discover their chemical properties, such as reactivity and corrosion. Explore the different types of metals, including alkali metals and transition metals.