Physical and Chemical Changes Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of chemical reaction represents the breakdown of a single substance into simpler products?

  • Synthesis
  • Decomposition (correct)
  • Double Replacement
  • Single Replacement

    • A single replacement reaction involves one element replacing another in a compound.

    True

    What is the generalized reaction formula for combustion?

    CH4 + O2 -> CO2 + H2O

    During a __________ reaction, two or more substances combine to form a single product.

    <p>synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following reactions with their definitions:

    <p>Synthesis = Two or more substances combine to make a single product. Decomposition = One substance breaks down to form two or more simpler substances. Single Replacement = When one element replaces another element in a compound. Double Replacement = Two new compounds are formed by the exchange of ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula unit for Magnesium Sulfide?

    <p>MgS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Lewis structure for Calcium Iodide shows Calcium with a +2 charge and Iodine with a -1 charge.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond forms in a compound like AlCl3?

    <p>Ionic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The formula unit for Potassium Oxide is __________.

    <p>K₂O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following ionic compounds with their names:

    <p>MgCl2 = Calcium Phosphate Be3N2 = Beryllium Nitride KF = Potassium Fluoride SrF2 = Strontium Fluoride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of change occurs when sugar dissolves in water?

    <p>Physical change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly represents the Lewis structure for potassium?

    <p>[K]^{+}</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aluminum Fluoride has a formula unit of AlF3.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Burning toast is considered a physical change.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the compound represented by the formula unit Mg3P2?

    <p>Magnesium Phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is evidence that a chemical change has occurred?

    <p>Formation of gas, color change, temperature change, or light produced.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A reaction that involves a change in state, such as freezing, is classified as a ______ change.

    <p>physical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When Magnesium ionizes, it forms a __________ charge.

    <p>2+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the scenarios with the type of change and evidence:

    <p>Cutting bread = Physical change - No change in substances Toasting bread = Chemical change - Smoke is formed Rust on a knife = Chemical change - Change cannot be reversed Blow drying hair = Physical change - Change in state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a sign of a chemical change?

    <p>Reversible change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Melting chocolate is an example of a chemical change.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond occurs when atoms share pairs of electrons?

    <p>Covalent bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ionic compounds can conduct electricity when solid.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to ions when ionic compounds are dissolved in water?

    <p>They dissociate and become free to move.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    HCl is expected to be a ______ at room temperature.

    <p>gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the arrangement of sodium and chloride ions in a salt crystal?

    <p>In a repeating pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Covalent bonds can form between any two metals.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The chemical formula for the covalent compound formed by nitrogen and oxygen is ______.

    <p>NO₂</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do simple molecules like HCl not conduct electricity?

    <p>They do not have free electrons to carry a charge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following compounds with their bond type:

    <p>NaCl = Ionic SO₂ = Covalent MgBr₂ = Ionic PCl₃ = Covalent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the bulb to light up when salt is dissolved in water?

    <p>The dissociated ions can move freely and conduct electricity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the compound with the formula BeS?

    <p>Beryllium Sulfide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The formula for Aluminum Oxide is AlO.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for Calcium Bromate?

    <p>Ca(BrO₃)₂</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Lewis structure of __________ shows a bond between Al and O.

    <p>Aluminum Oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following names with their correct formulas:

    <p>Ammonium Chloride = NH₄Cl Calcium Sulfate = CaSO₄ Copper(I) Oxide = Cu₂O Barium Nitrate = Ba(NO₃)₂</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the formula for Sodium Chromate?

    <p>Na₂CrO₄</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Beryllium forms a +2 cation in ionic compounds.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical formula for Ammonium Sulfate?

    <p>(NH₄)₂SO₄</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Barium Bromide has the chemical formula __________.

    <p>BaBr₂</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which transition metal ion has a +2 charge?

    <p>Fe²⁺</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Physical and Chemical Changes

    • Starter Activity: Classify reactions as physical or chemical changes
    • Physical Change: Dissolving sugar, melting chocolate, boiling water, frying an egg, ice cream melting, oil and water.
    • Chemical Change: Baking a cake, burning toast, freezing milk, popping corn, baking soda and vinegar, fireworks, Hcl and NaOH reaction.
    • Evidence of Chemical Change: Bubbles formation, explosion, change in color, change in state, formation of a new substance, cannot be reversed easily.

    Lab Investigation: Physical and Chemical Change Stations

    • Station Number (1): Sugar and Water - Physical Change - Can be reversed.
    • Station Number (2): Baking soda and vinegar - Chemical Change - Bubbles Formation.
    • Station Number (3): Video of Fireworks - Chemical Change - Explosion.
    • Station Number (4): HCl + NaOH - Chemical Change - Properties change, pH changes in state.
    • Station Number (5): Ice cream melting - Physical Change - Can be seperated.
    • Station Number (6): Oil and Water - Physical Change - Can be seperated.

    Homework (Scenarios)

    • Example (1): Student cuts bread slice and spreads butter - Physical Change - No unexpected changes.
    • Scenario (2): Toasting bread too long - Chemical Change - Smoke and odors indicate a new product.
    • Scenario (3): Reddish brown spots on a knife - Chemical Change - Indicates chemical reactions.
    • Scenario (4): Drying hair - Physical Change - Change in state of water.
    • Scenario (5): Baking biscuits - Chemical Change - Release of carbon dioxide bubbles.
    • Scenario (6): Dull silver spoons - Chemical Change - Black spots form.
    • Scenario (7): Coiling wire - Physical Change - Change in shape, but original material present.
    • Scenario (8): Food coloring in water - Physical Change - Can be reversed.
    • Scenario (9): Chewing Food - Combination Change - Physical and chemical change.
    • Scenario (10): Fireworks exploding - Chemical Change - Explosion and heat release.

    Introduction to Ionic Bonding

    • Ionic Bond Formation: Atoms transfer electrons to form ions, which are attracted to each other due to opposite charges.
    • Examples (1-6): Formulas and Lewis structures are provided for various ionic compounds (Magnesium Chloride, Magnesium Sulfide, Potassium Fluoride, Potassium Oxide, Beryllium Nitride, Calcium Phosphate).

    Writing the Chemical Formula of Ionic Compounds

    • Starter Activity: Draw Lewis structure for aluminum + oxygen
    • Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3): balanced chemical equation for ionic compounds

    Introduction to Covalent Bonding

    • Covalent Bonding: Atoms share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.
    • Types of Bonds (1-6): Element pairings and covalent/ionic bond types are given.

    Drawing Lewis Dot Structures

    • Instructions: For each set of elements, draw the Lewis dot structure ,and determine type of bond.
    • Examples (1-12): Lewis dot structures of various compounds.

    Naming and Properties of Covalent Compounds

    • Prefixes: Number system for naming covalent compounds (mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta, octa-, nona-, deca-).
    • Properties: Covalent compounds have low melting and boiling points because the intermolecular forces between molecules are weak. They exist as solids, liquids, or gases at room temperature. They do NOT conduct electricity because the molecules themselves do not have a charge.

    Covalent Network Solids

    • Properties Table: This table is for classifying substances by properties from a picture of the chemical structure.

    Practice Problems (Diamond and Chlorine)

    • Diamond Structure: Covalent Bonds in a diamond create a giant macromolecule structure.
    • Chlorine (Cl2): Simple molecular substance of chlorine molecules.

    Metallic Bonding

    • Metal Structure: Metals consist of a giant lattice structure of positive metal ions in a sea of delocalized electrons.

    Solubility Rules

    • Starter Activity: Salts are ionic compounds (excluding those with only oxygen or hydrogen as the nonmetal).
    • Solubility: Some salts are soluble, others partially soluble, and some are insoluble in water.

    Molecular Equations and Ionic Equations

    • Formulating Chemical Equations: Practice the formulation of equations for various chemical reactions.
    • Examples: A few examples show work toward writing and balancing complete and net ionic equations.

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    Unit 3 - Chemical Bonding Answers PDF

    Description

    Test your understanding of physical and chemical changes through various examples and lab investigations. This quiz will challenge you to classify different reactions, identify evidence of chemical changes, and analyze experiments involving common substances. Are you ready to determine the differences between these two essential concepts?

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