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Questions and Answers
Which type of chemical reaction represents the breakdown of a single substance into simpler products?
Which type of chemical reaction represents the breakdown of a single substance into simpler products?
A single replacement reaction involves one element replacing another in a compound.
A single replacement reaction involves one element replacing another in a compound.
True
What is the generalized reaction formula for combustion?
What is the generalized reaction formula for combustion?
CH4 + O2 -> CO2 + H2O
During a __________ reaction, two or more substances combine to form a single product.
During a __________ reaction, two or more substances combine to form a single product.
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Match the following reactions with their definitions:
Match the following reactions with their definitions:
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What is the formula unit for Magnesium Sulfide?
What is the formula unit for Magnesium Sulfide?
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The Lewis structure for Calcium Iodide shows Calcium with a +2 charge and Iodine with a -1 charge.
The Lewis structure for Calcium Iodide shows Calcium with a +2 charge and Iodine with a -1 charge.
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What type of bond forms in a compound like AlCl3?
What type of bond forms in a compound like AlCl3?
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The formula unit for Potassium Oxide is __________.
The formula unit for Potassium Oxide is __________.
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Match the following ionic compounds with their names:
Match the following ionic compounds with their names:
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What type of change occurs when sugar dissolves in water?
What type of change occurs when sugar dissolves in water?
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Which of the following correctly represents the Lewis structure for potassium?
Which of the following correctly represents the Lewis structure for potassium?
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Aluminum Fluoride has a formula unit of AlF3.
Aluminum Fluoride has a formula unit of AlF3.
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Burning toast is considered a physical change.
Burning toast is considered a physical change.
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What is the name of the compound represented by the formula unit Mg3P2?
What is the name of the compound represented by the formula unit Mg3P2?
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What is evidence that a chemical change has occurred?
What is evidence that a chemical change has occurred?
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A reaction that involves a change in state, such as freezing, is classified as a ______ change.
A reaction that involves a change in state, such as freezing, is classified as a ______ change.
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When Magnesium ionizes, it forms a __________ charge.
When Magnesium ionizes, it forms a __________ charge.
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Match the scenarios with the type of change and evidence:
Match the scenarios with the type of change and evidence:
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Which of the following is NOT a sign of a chemical change?
Which of the following is NOT a sign of a chemical change?
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Melting chocolate is an example of a chemical change.
Melting chocolate is an example of a chemical change.
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What type of bond occurs when atoms share pairs of electrons?
What type of bond occurs when atoms share pairs of electrons?
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Ionic compounds can conduct electricity when solid.
Ionic compounds can conduct electricity when solid.
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What happens to ions when ionic compounds are dissolved in water?
What happens to ions when ionic compounds are dissolved in water?
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HCl is expected to be a ______ at room temperature.
HCl is expected to be a ______ at room temperature.
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Which statement best describes the arrangement of sodium and chloride ions in a salt crystal?
Which statement best describes the arrangement of sodium and chloride ions in a salt crystal?
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Covalent bonds can form between any two metals.
Covalent bonds can form between any two metals.
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The chemical formula for the covalent compound formed by nitrogen and oxygen is ______.
The chemical formula for the covalent compound formed by nitrogen and oxygen is ______.
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Why do simple molecules like HCl not conduct electricity?
Why do simple molecules like HCl not conduct electricity?
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Match the following compounds with their bond type:
Match the following compounds with their bond type:
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What causes the bulb to light up when salt is dissolved in water?
What causes the bulb to light up when salt is dissolved in water?
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What is the name of the compound with the formula BeS?
What is the name of the compound with the formula BeS?
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The formula for Aluminum Oxide is AlO.
The formula for Aluminum Oxide is AlO.
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What is the formula for Calcium Bromate?
What is the formula for Calcium Bromate?
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The Lewis structure of __________ shows a bond between Al and O.
The Lewis structure of __________ shows a bond between Al and O.
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Match the following names with their correct formulas:
Match the following names with their correct formulas:
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Which of the following is the formula for Sodium Chromate?
Which of the following is the formula for Sodium Chromate?
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Beryllium forms a +2 cation in ionic compounds.
Beryllium forms a +2 cation in ionic compounds.
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What is the chemical formula for Ammonium Sulfate?
What is the chemical formula for Ammonium Sulfate?
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Barium Bromide has the chemical formula __________.
Barium Bromide has the chemical formula __________.
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Which transition metal ion has a +2 charge?
Which transition metal ion has a +2 charge?
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Study Notes
Physical and Chemical Changes
- Starter Activity: Classify reactions as physical or chemical changes
- Physical Change: Dissolving sugar, melting chocolate, boiling water, frying an egg, ice cream melting, oil and water.
- Chemical Change: Baking a cake, burning toast, freezing milk, popping corn, baking soda and vinegar, fireworks, Hcl and NaOH reaction.
- Evidence of Chemical Change: Bubbles formation, explosion, change in color, change in state, formation of a new substance, cannot be reversed easily.
Lab Investigation: Physical and Chemical Change Stations
- Station Number (1): Sugar and Water - Physical Change - Can be reversed.
- Station Number (2): Baking soda and vinegar - Chemical Change - Bubbles Formation.
- Station Number (3): Video of Fireworks - Chemical Change - Explosion.
- Station Number (4): HCl + NaOH - Chemical Change - Properties change, pH changes in state.
- Station Number (5): Ice cream melting - Physical Change - Can be seperated.
- Station Number (6): Oil and Water - Physical Change - Can be seperated.
Homework (Scenarios)
- Example (1): Student cuts bread slice and spreads butter - Physical Change - No unexpected changes.
- Scenario (2): Toasting bread too long - Chemical Change - Smoke and odors indicate a new product.
- Scenario (3): Reddish brown spots on a knife - Chemical Change - Indicates chemical reactions.
- Scenario (4): Drying hair - Physical Change - Change in state of water.
- Scenario (5): Baking biscuits - Chemical Change - Release of carbon dioxide bubbles.
- Scenario (6): Dull silver spoons - Chemical Change - Black spots form.
- Scenario (7): Coiling wire - Physical Change - Change in shape, but original material present.
- Scenario (8): Food coloring in water - Physical Change - Can be reversed.
- Scenario (9): Chewing Food - Combination Change - Physical and chemical change.
- Scenario (10): Fireworks exploding - Chemical Change - Explosion and heat release.
Introduction to Ionic Bonding
- Ionic Bond Formation: Atoms transfer electrons to form ions, which are attracted to each other due to opposite charges.
- Examples (1-6): Formulas and Lewis structures are provided for various ionic compounds (Magnesium Chloride, Magnesium Sulfide, Potassium Fluoride, Potassium Oxide, Beryllium Nitride, Calcium Phosphate).
Writing the Chemical Formula of Ionic Compounds
- Starter Activity: Draw Lewis structure for aluminum + oxygen
- Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3): balanced chemical equation for ionic compounds
Introduction to Covalent Bonding
- Covalent Bonding: Atoms share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.
- Types of Bonds (1-6): Element pairings and covalent/ionic bond types are given.
Drawing Lewis Dot Structures
- Instructions: For each set of elements, draw the Lewis dot structure ,and determine type of bond.
- Examples (1-12): Lewis dot structures of various compounds.
Naming and Properties of Covalent Compounds
- Prefixes: Number system for naming covalent compounds (mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta, octa-, nona-, deca-).
- Properties: Covalent compounds have low melting and boiling points because the intermolecular forces between molecules are weak. They exist as solids, liquids, or gases at room temperature. They do NOT conduct electricity because the molecules themselves do not have a charge.
Covalent Network Solids
- Properties Table: This table is for classifying substances by properties from a picture of the chemical structure.
Practice Problems (Diamond and Chlorine)
- Diamond Structure: Covalent Bonds in a diamond create a giant macromolecule structure.
- Chlorine (Cl2): Simple molecular substance of chlorine molecules.
Metallic Bonding
- Metal Structure: Metals consist of a giant lattice structure of positive metal ions in a sea of delocalized electrons.
Solubility Rules
- Starter Activity: Salts are ionic compounds (excluding those with only oxygen or hydrogen as the nonmetal).
- Solubility: Some salts are soluble, others partially soluble, and some are insoluble in water.
Molecular Equations and Ionic Equations
- Formulating Chemical Equations: Practice the formulation of equations for various chemical reactions.
- Examples: A few examples show work toward writing and balancing complete and net ionic equations.
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Description
Test your understanding of physical and chemical changes through various examples and lab investigations. This quiz will challenge you to classify different reactions, identify evidence of chemical changes, and analyze experiments involving common substances. Are you ready to determine the differences between these two essential concepts?
