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Questions and Answers
What is the primary risk factor for all-cause mortality, according to the current scientific evidence?
How many minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per day are required to eliminate the increased risk of mortality associated with sedentary behavior?
Which of the following groups is not supported by sufficient evidence to determine whether the relationships between physical activity and all-cause mortality vary by?
What is the minimum duration of sitting time per day that is associated with increased all-cause mortality?
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Which of the following noncommunicable diseases is not mentioned as a potential health risk associated with lack of physical activity?
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What is a common feature of people with cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, or diabetes?
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Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?
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How can physical activity and exercise reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease?
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What is a common effect of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on cardiovascular disease risk?
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What is the effect of regular physical activity and exercise on cardiorespiratory fitness?
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Study Notes
Sedentary Behavior and Physical Inactivity
- Sedentary behavior and physical inactivity increase the risk of many noncommunicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, stroke, some cancers, and premature mortality.
- A study of over one million subjects found that increased sitting time is associated with increased all-cause mortality, but physically active people have a reduced risk of mortality.
Benefits of Physical Activity
- Physical activity and exercise can lower the risk of all-cause mortality equally for men and women, adults of all ages, and active people of all body weights (normal, overweight, and obese).
- There is insufficient evidence to determine whether the relationships between physical activity and mortality vary by ethnicity or socioeconomic status.
Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health
- Participating in physical activity and exercise can prevent and treat cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic disorders, such as metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus.
- CVDs include coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, elevated blood pressure, peripheral artery disease, rheumatic heart disease, congenital heart disease, and heart failure.
Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
- Elevated blood pressure, poor lipid and lipoprotein profiles, low cardiorespiratory fitness, and high body fat levels are modifiable risk factors for CVD that can be reduced with regular physical activity and exercise.
- Physical activity and exercise can reduce the risk of CVD by reducing other risk factors for the disease and playing a direct role in physiological changes at the cellular level and in the blood vessels.
Additional Benefits of Physical Activity
- Regular physical activity and exercise can improve cardiorespiratory fitness, which can reduce CVD risk.
- Physical activity and exercise can also reduce the risk of chronic respiratory disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and improve metabolic health.
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Description
Quiz on the importance of physical activity and the risks associated with sedentary behavior, including chronic diseases and premature mortality.
