Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the relationship between physical activity and physical fitness?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between physical activity and physical fitness?
- Physical activity encompasses any bodily movement, while physical fitness is a state achieved through physical activity. (correct)
- Physical fitness directly causes physical activity; the fitter you are, the more active you become.
- Physical fitness is a subset of physical activity, focusing only on structured exercise.
- Physical activity and physical fitness are interchangeable terms with identical meanings.
How did adaptations resulting from physical activity primarily affect survival in early civilizations?
How did adaptations resulting from physical activity primarily affect survival in early civilizations?
- By promoting better cognitive function and problem-solving skills.
- By enhancing the ability to find food, avoid danger, and reproduce. (correct)
- By improving access to technological advancements.
- By increasing social interaction and community building.
Which of the following is the MOST significant contributor to reduced activity levels in modern humans compared to early humans?
Which of the following is the MOST significant contributor to reduced activity levels in modern humans compared to early humans?
- Advancements in medical treatments for injuries.
- A decline in the nutritional content of available food sources.
- Increased awareness of the benefits of relaxation and mindfulness.
- Technological advancements that reduce the necessity for physical exertion. (correct)
What is the primary way in which the human species adapts to consistent physical activity at the physiological level?
What is the primary way in which the human species adapts to consistent physical activity at the physiological level?
What differentiates an acute response from a chronic adaptation to exercise?
What differentiates an acute response from a chronic adaptation to exercise?
Which of the following cardiovascular adaptations is MOST likely to occur in response to long-term aerobic exercise?
Which of the following cardiovascular adaptations is MOST likely to occur in response to long-term aerobic exercise?
According to the 2018 U.S. Physical Activity Guidelines, what is a key recommendation for adults regarding physical activity?
According to the 2018 U.S. Physical Activity Guidelines, what is a key recommendation for adults regarding physical activity?
Which of the following is a benefit that can happen immediately after a bout of physical activity?
Which of the following is a benefit that can happen immediately after a bout of physical activity?
What is the underlying process of atherosclerosis?
What is the underlying process of atherosclerosis?
In what primary way does regular physical activity reduce the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD)?
In what primary way does regular physical activity reduce the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD)?
Flashcards
What is a Chronic Disease?
What is a Chronic Disease?
A long-lasting condition that can be controlled but not cured.
What is Physical Activity?
What is Physical Activity?
Bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure.
What is Physical Fitness?
What is Physical Fitness?
The ability to carry out daily tasks with vigor and alertness, without undue fatigue.
Why does the Human Species Adapt to Physical Activity?
Why does the Human Species Adapt to Physical Activity?
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Acute vs. Chronic Exercise Responses
Acute vs. Chronic Exercise Responses
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Types of Exercise (2018 Guidelines)
Types of Exercise (2018 Guidelines)
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What is Atherosclerosis?
What is Atherosclerosis?
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Risk Factors for Heart Disease
Risk Factors for Heart Disease
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How does Physical Activity Reduce CHD Risk?
How does Physical Activity Reduce CHD Risk?
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Physical Activity Benefits
Physical Activity Benefits
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Study Notes
- Chronic diseases are long-lasting health conditions that cannot be cured but can be managed.
- Physical activity can help prevent diseases such as heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers.
- Physical activity encompasses any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure, and can be categorized into various types, including aerobic, muscle-strengthening, bone-strengthening, and flexibility exercises.
- Physical activity is any bodily movement, while physical fitness is the ability to perform physical activity, and they relate to each other as regular physical activity leads to improved physical fitness.
- Activity was necessary for early civilizations to be active for survival, hunting, gathering, and migration.
- Adaptations from physical activity affect survival by improving physical capabilities, increasing energy efficiency, and enhancing the ability to cope with environmental challenges.
- Early civilizations engaged in activities such as walking, running, lifting, and carrying, which relate to modern exercise plans through functional movements and promoting overall fitness.
- Relevant events that reduced activity levels include technological advancements, urbanization, and sedentary lifestyles.
- Energy expenditure was much higher in early humans compared to today's humans due to their active lifestyles.
- The human species adapts to physical activity to improve physiological functions, enhance energy production, and increase physical capacity.
- Acute responses are immediate physiological changes that occur during or directly after exercise, while chronic responses are long-term adaptations that result from regular physical activity.
- Acute adaptations in include increased heart rate, stroke volume, and vasodilation, while chronic adaptations include decreased resting heart rate, increased VO2 max, and improved cardiovascular function.
- The U.S. Physical Activity Guidelines for adults in 2018 recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity per week, along with muscle-strengthening activities on two or more days per week.
- Physical activity benefits include improved mood, reduced stress, increased energy levels, and better sleep.
- The three exercise types in the 2018 guidelines are aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and bone-strengthening.
- Atherosclerosis begins with damage to the artery lining, leading to plaque buildup, inflammation, and eventual narrowing or blockage of the arteries. that impairs blood flow.
- Risk factors for heart disease include behavioral factors like smoking, poor diet, physical inactivity, and excessive alcohol consumption, as well as cardiometabolic risk factors like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, and diabetes.
- Physical activity reduces the risk of CHD by improving cardiovascular function, reducing inflammation, lowering blood pressure, improving cholesterol levels, and promoting weight loss.
- Physical activity reduces cholesterol, lowers hypertension, prevents obesity, and improves insulin sensitivity, positively impacting fasting glucose levels.
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