Phylum Porifera: Sponges Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of the Ascon type of sponge?

It has multiple openings for water flow.

It forms a complex branching structure.

It consists of a group of tubes with a central cavity. (correct)

It is composed of a single, porous sac.

Which of the following best describes the cellular structure of an Ascon sponge?

It has uniform cell types throughout the sponge structure.

It is entirely formed by a single type of cell without any amoeboid cells.

It includes an outer lining of indistinct cells and an inner lining of flagellated cells. (correct)

It consists solely of tightly packed squamous cells.

What is the primary function of the flagellated cells in the Ascon sponge?

To form pores that allow for gas exchange.

To support the sponge's skeletal framework.

To expel waste products into the surrounding water.

To create water currents and capture food. (correct)

How does water enter the central cavity of an Ascon-type sponge?

Via microscopic pores that serve as canals. Signup and view all the answers

What type of environment does the sponge example Leucosolenia thrive in?

Shallow marine waters. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of reproduction for Obelia sp.?

Asexual reproduction through budding Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the Obelia sp. serves as the mouth opening surrounded by tentacles?

Feeding polyp cone Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the hydroid stalk in Obelia sp.?

Ectoderm, endoderm, and a gelatinous substance Signup and view all the answers

How does Obelia sp. maintain its colony structure?

Individuals remain connected through the hydroid stem Signup and view all the answers

What structural feature provides protection for the individual feeding polyp in Obelia sp.?

Hydroid sheath Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of reproduction in sponges?

Budding Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is NOT found in the body structure of a sponge?

Pharynx Signup and view all the answers

What type of sponge is known for having a soft fibrous skeleton and is highly absorbent?

Turkey cup sponge Signup and view all the answers

What occurs after the fertilization of male and female gametes in sponges?

The development of a zygote Signup and view all the answers

Where are good quality sponges commonly found?

At depths between 20 and 60 meters Signup and view all the answers

What is the scientific name of the Turkey cup sponge?

Euspongia officinalis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the honeycomb sponge?

It has broader pores and a brown color Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is common to all sponge types as indicated in the description?

They are sessile and immobile Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinctive feature of the phylum Porifera concerning their cellular structure?

They are multicellular but lack true tissues and organs. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Porifera is true regarding their symmetry?

They are predominantly asymmetrical. Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism do Porifera use for water circulation within their bodies?

Pores, channels, and chambers Signup and view all the answers

What type of reproduction is NOT characteristic of the phylum Porifera?

Parthenogenesis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the internal skeleton found in Porifera?

Hard, small spicules Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic that differentiates the polyp form from the medusa form in Cnidarians?

The shape and lifestyle, with polyp being tubular and anchored Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following classes within the Phylum Coelentrata includes jellyfish?

Class Scyphozoa Signup and view all the answers

What defines the body cavity of Cnidarians?

A single gastrovascular cavity with one opening Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is primarily responsible for the stinging capability of Cnidarians?

Cnidocytes Signup and view all the answers

What type of symmetry do organisms in the Phylum Coelentrata exhibit?

Radial symmetry Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinct body shape of a medusa in Cnidaria?

Umbrella-shaped Signup and view all the answers

Which body shape is characteristic of sea anemones?

Vase-shaped Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a member of the Phylum Cnidaria?

Sea cucumbers Signup and view all the answers

Coral reefs are primarily composed of which type of organism?

Cnidarians Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary feature that differentiates Cnidarians from other marine organisms?

Specialized stinging cells called cnidocytes Signup and view all the answers

What type of skeleton do corals possess?

Calcium carbonate skeleton Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organisms is mentioned as a type of coral?

Actinozoa Signup and view all the answers

In which type of environments are corals primarily found?

Tropical and subtropical seas Signup and view all the answers

What do corals primarily feed on?

Plankton and small fish Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes coral reefs?

They are complex ecosystems with various marine life. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the Leucon type of sponge from the Sycon type?

Leucon sponges have a reduced spongocoel and extensive canal folding. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the body structure of the Sycon type of sponge?

It contains horizontal and radial canals that connect with the spongocoel. Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT true for the Sycon type of sponge?

It contains numerous small chambers in its body structure. Signup and view all the answers

What material primarily composes the body structure of the Leucon type sponge?

A network of irregular protein fibers known as spongin Signup and view all the answers

What role do choanocytes play in both Sycon and Leucon sponges?

They contribute to the filtration and movement of water through the sponge. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of epithelial cells in colonial animals?

They are responsible for digesting food. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell in colonial animals can differentiate into various other cell types?

Interstitial cells Signup and view all the answers

What substance do glandular cells in colonial animals secrete?

Sticky substances for attachment Signup and view all the answers

Where are stinging cells primarily located in colonial animals?

On tentacles Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sensory cells in colonial animals?

Detecting environmental stimuli Signup and view all the answers

In which class does the organism Aurelia sp. belong?

Scyphozoa Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is typical of the ectoderm in colonial animals?

Consists of cuboidal cells Signup and view all the answers

How do stinging cells in colonial animals aid in capturing prey?

By releasing a venomous fluid Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes