Questions and Answers
How would you describe the body symmetry of sponges?
There is no symmetry. Sponges are asymmetrical.
Identify several differences among the specimens on display.
Color, shape, form, size, and texture.
Do all of the specimens have a single large osculum?
True
What components make up the dried specimens of sponges?
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What accounts for differences in the hardness of sponge bodies?
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Are definite tissue layers present in Hydra? If so, how many?
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What embryonic layers give rise to the tissue layers of Hydra's body?
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What purpose do the oral arms serve in Class Scyphozoa organisms?
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For what purpose do radial canals serve in Class Scyphozoa?
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What type of symmetry does a sea anemone exhibit?
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What surface would face upward in a living sea anemone specimen?
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Where would the majority of the cnidocytes be found on a sea anemone?
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Do all representatives in the clade Radiata exhibit radial symmetry?
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Explain how radial symmetry applies to colonial animals like corals.
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Why do you think there are no sensory structures on the fluke like those seen in the planarian?
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Study Notes
Phylum Porifera - Sponges
- Sponges possess asymmetrical body symmetry, adapting their shape to fit the environment.
- Variations among sponge specimens include differences in color, shape, form, size, and texture.
- All sponge specimens typically feature a single large osculum, an opening for water expulsion.
- Dried sponge specimens consist of spicules and sponge collagen, remnants of their structure.
- Variations in hardness of sponge bodies result from the composition and thickness of their skeletal structures.
Relation to Hydra and Other Classes
- Hydra exhibits two definite tissue layers, comprised of endoderm and ectoderm, derived from embryonic development.
- In Class Scyphozoa, the oral arms serve primarily for food capture.
- Radial canals extending from the gastrovascular cavity in Scyphozoa facilitate movement.
Sea Anemone and Corals
- Sea anemones demonstrate radial symmetry, characterized by their circular body plan.
- The mouth surface of a living sea anemone faces upward, critical for feeding.
- Cnidocytes, specialized cells for capturing prey, are predominantly found on the polyps of sea anemones.
- Corals fall under the clade Radiata, known for showcasing radial symmetry consistently across representatives.
- Radial symmetry in colonial animals like corals reflects a circular arrangement, contributing to their structural and functional organization.
Flukes and Sensory Structures
- Flukes lack sensory structures commonly seen in planarians since they do not contribute significantly to their nutrition or survival methods.
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Description
Test your knowledge about Phylum Porifera with this quiz focused on sponges. Explore their body symmetry, differences among specimens, and other unique characteristics. Perfect for biology enthusiasts and students alike.
