Phylum Cnidaria: Characteristics, Body Forms & Class Anthozoa
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Questions and Answers

Which characteristic is unique to cnidarians?

  • Complete digestive system
  • Cnidocytes with nematocysts (correct)
  • Triploblastic development
  • Bilateral symmetry

All cnidarians alternate between the polyp and medusa body forms during their life cycle.

False (B)

Describe the function of cnidocils in cnidocytes.

trigger the firing of the nematocysts

Cnidarians are ______, meaning they have two germ layers.

<p>diploblastic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following classes of Cnidaria with their predominant body form or characteristic:

<p>Anthozoa = Exclusively polyp form Scyphozoa = Both polyp and medusa forms Cubozoa = Not mentioned in text Hydrozoa = Both polyp and medusa forms</p> Signup and view all the answers

Phylum cnidaria includes animals that show _____ or _____ symmetry and are _____.

<p>radial biradial diploblastic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cnidarians contain specialized cells known as _____ containing organelles called _____.

<p>cnidocytes nematocysts</p> Signup and view all the answers

What two distinct body plans do cnidarians display?

<p>Polyp and medusa</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the cnidarian characterisics

<p>Polyps = sessile Polyps = mouth facing up surrounded by tentacles Medusae = motile Medusae = mouth and tentacles hanging down from the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name four examples of Class Anthozoa.

<p>sea anemones, sea pens, sea feathers, and corals</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the four classes of phylum Cnidaria.

<p>Anthozoa, Scyphozoa, Cubozoa, and Hydrozoa</p> Signup and view all the answers

Class scyphozoa has a _____ lifecycle.

<p>polymorphic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the classes with their characteristics.

<p>Class Scyphozoa = bell-like morphology Class Anthozoa = cylindrical shape attached to a substrate Class Cubozoa = box-shaped medusa Class Hydrozoa = polymorphs. Gonads derived from epidermal tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name two species of Class Hydrozoa.

<p>Hydra, Portuguese Man o War</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of a Scyphozoa?

<p>The medusa is the prominent stage in the life cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are three defining characteristics of Class Cubozoa that differentiates it from Class Scyphozoa?

<p>Shape, Tentacle arrangement, and venom level</p> Signup and view all the answers

What class of Cnidarians is the most venomous?

<p>Class Cubozoa</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Phylum Cnidaria

A group of aquatic animals with specialized stinging cells called cnidocytes.

Cnidocytes

Specialized cells in Cnidarians that contain nematocysts for stinging.

Nematocysts

Organelle within cnidocytes that ejects a coiled thread for immobilizing prey.

Polyp vs Medusa

Polyp: sessile with tentacles up; Medusa: motile with tentacles down.

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Class Anthozoa

A class of Cnidarians that includes only polyp forms like sea anemones and corals.

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Study Notes

Phylum Cnidaria

  • Includes animals with radial or biradial symmetry, are diploblastic
  • Nearly all are marine (about 99%)
  • Contain specialized cells called cnidocytes ("stinging cells")
  • Cnidocytes contain nematocysts (stingers) containing coiled threads
  • Outer cell wall has hairlike projections (cnidocils) that are sensitive to touch
  • Threads penetrate and release toxins to immobilize prey or predators
  • Two body forms: polyp (sessile) and medusa (motile)
  • Life cycle alternates between both forms in some species

Cnidarian Body Forms

  • Polyp: Sessile, cylindrical, mouth and tentacles face up
  • Medusa: Motile, bell-shaped, mouth and tentacles hang from the bell

Class Anthozoa

  • Polyp body plan only (no medusa stage)
  • Includes sea anemones, sea pens, and corals
  • Estimated 6,100 described species
  • Cylindrical shape, attached to a substrate
  • Mouth opening surrounded by tentacles with cnidocytes

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Description

Explore the fascinating world of Phylum Cnidaria, including their radial symmetry, cnidocytes, and life cycle with polyp and medusa forms. Learn about Class Anthozoa and their polyp body plan, including sea anemones and corals.

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