Phrenology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which group of individuals played an important role in the rise of positivism in criminology?

  • French astronomers
  • French-Belgian statisticians (correct)
  • French cartographers
  • French mathematicians
  • What term is used to describe the statistical calculations required to identify the rules and laws that governed human society?

  • Statistical analysis
  • Natural laws
  • Social mechanics (correct)
  • Human behavior
  • Who developed the concept of the 'average man'?

  • Auguste Comte
  • Adolphe Quetelet (correct)
  • French-Belgian statisticians
  • French astronomers
  • According to the theory of phrenology, criminal behavior was believed to be caused by

    <p>a physical abnormality in the skull</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Phrenology advocated for

    <p>rehabilitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The concept of degeneracy was used to explain

    <p>criminality, poverty, and disability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cesare Lombroso is associated with the origins of

    <p>the positive school of criminology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Lombroso, criminals were distinct from noncriminals due to which of the following?

    <p>Abnormal physical and psychological characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Lombroso theorize about criminals?

    <p>They were a less evolved and more primitive species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Lombroso refer to individuals with physical, psychological, and functional anomalies as?

    <p>Born criminals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Lombroso advocate for in regards to born criminals?

    <p>Their incapacitation and, in extreme instances, death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who believed that body type was hereditary and corresponded to differences in personality?

    <p>Sheldon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which field of study began to dominate criminology in the early decades of the twentieth century?

    <p>Sociology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Hooten continue to advocate for on the grounds of preventing criminality?

    <p>Eugenics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Sheldon's somatotyping theory assert?

    <p>Body type influenced criminal behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, who first applied scientific methods to formulate explanations of crime?

    <p>Benjamin Rush</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between Pinel's and Rush's concepts of mental derangement?

    <p>Pinel focused on the medical causes of insanity, while Rush focused on moral functioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main goal of early psychiatrists in addressing criminal behavior?

    <p>Individualization of treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is phrenology?

    <p>The theory that different areas of the skull correspond to different personality, behavioral, or mental functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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