Phrenology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which group of individuals played an important role in the rise of positivism in criminology?

  • French astronomers
  • French-Belgian statisticians (correct)
  • French cartographers
  • French mathematicians

What term is used to describe the statistical calculations required to identify the rules and laws that governed human society?

  • Statistical analysis
  • Natural laws
  • Social mechanics (correct)
  • Human behavior

Who developed the concept of the 'average man'?

  • Auguste Comte
  • Adolphe Quetelet (correct)
  • French-Belgian statisticians
  • French astronomers

According to the theory of phrenology, criminal behavior was believed to be caused by

<p>a physical abnormality in the skull (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Phrenology advocated for

<p>rehabilitation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The concept of degeneracy was used to explain

<p>criminality, poverty, and disability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cesare Lombroso is associated with the origins of

<p>the positive school of criminology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Lombroso, criminals were distinct from noncriminals due to which of the following?

<p>Abnormal physical and psychological characteristics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Lombroso theorize about criminals?

<p>They were a less evolved and more primitive species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Lombroso refer to individuals with physical, psychological, and functional anomalies as?

<p>Born criminals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Lombroso advocate for in regards to born criminals?

<p>Their incapacitation and, in extreme instances, death (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who believed that body type was hereditary and corresponded to differences in personality?

<p>Sheldon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which field of study began to dominate criminology in the early decades of the twentieth century?

<p>Sociology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Hooten continue to advocate for on the grounds of preventing criminality?

<p>Eugenics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Sheldon's somatotyping theory assert?

<p>Body type influenced criminal behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, who first applied scientific methods to formulate explanations of crime?

<p>Benjamin Rush (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Pinel's and Rush's concepts of mental derangement?

<p>Pinel focused on the medical causes of insanity, while Rush focused on moral functioning. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of early psychiatrists in addressing criminal behavior?

<p>Individualization of treatment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is phrenology?

<p>The theory that different areas of the skull correspond to different personality, behavioral, or mental functions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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