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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of pigments in the thylakoid membrane during photosynthesis?
Which type of nutrition is characteristic of organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis?
What is the primary source of energy for heterotrophic organisms?
During which stage of photosynthesis is CO2 converted into glucose?
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What is the byproduct of photosynthesis that is essential for aerobic respiration?
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Which mode of nutrition involves the breakdown of dead organic matter?
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What is the overall equation for photosynthesis?
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Which type of organism obtains energy and nutrients by consuming other organisms or organic matter?
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What is the product of photosynthesis that is used by heterotrophic organisms for energy and organic compounds?
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Study Notes
Photosynthesis
Definition
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of glucose.
Overall Equation
6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6 O2
Importance
Photosynthesis is essential for life on Earth, providing:
- Oxygen for aerobic respiration
- Glucose for energy and organic compounds
- Food for heterotrophic organisms
Steps
- Light-dependent reactions: Light energy is absorbed by pigments (chlorophyll, others) in the thylakoid membrane, generating ATP and NADPH.
- Light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle): ATP and NADPH are used to convert CO2 into glucose.
Nutrition
Definition
Nutrition is the process by which organisms obtain energy and nutrients from their environment.
Types of Nutrition
- Autotrophic nutrition: Organisms produce their own food through photosynthesis (plants, algae).
- Heterotrophic nutrition: Organisms obtain energy and nutrients by consuming other organisms or organic matter (animals, fungi, bacteria).
Modes of Nutrition
- Holozoic nutrition: Organisms ingest solid or liquid food particles (animals).
- Saprotrophic nutrition: Organisms obtain nutrients by breaking down dead organic matter (fungi, bacteria).
- Parasitic nutrition: Organisms obtain nutrients from another living organism (parasites).
Importance
Nutrition is essential for:
- Energy production
- Growth and development
- Maintenance of cellular processes
Photosynthesis
- Converts light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of glucose
- Occurs in green plants, algae, and some bacteria
- Overall equation: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6 O2
- Essential for life on Earth, providing oxygen for aerobic respiration, glucose for energy and organic compounds, and food for heterotrophic organisms
Steps of Photosynthesis
- Light-dependent reactions: Light energy is absorbed by pigments (chlorophyll, others) in the thylakoid membrane, generating ATP and NADPH
- Light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle): ATP and NADPH are used to convert CO2 into glucose
Nutrition
- Process by which organisms obtain energy and nutrients from their environment
- Types:
- Autotrophic nutrition: Organisms produce their own food through photosynthesis (plants, algae)
- Heterotrophic nutrition: Organisms obtain energy and nutrients by consuming other organisms or organic matter (animals, fungi, bacteria)
Modes of Nutrition
- Holozoic nutrition: Organisms ingest solid or liquid food particles (animals)
- Saprotrophic nutrition: Organisms obtain nutrients by breaking down dead organic matter (fungi, bacteria)
- Parasitic nutrition: Organisms obtain nutrients from another living organism (parasites)
Importance of Nutrition
- Essential for energy production, growth and development, and maintenance of cellular processes
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Description
Explore the process of photosynthesis, where plants convert light energy into chemical energy, and learn about its importance in supporting life on Earth.
