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Questions and Answers
What is the primary source of energy that drives the process of photosynthesis?
What is the primary source of energy that drives the process of photosynthesis?
Which molecule is split during the light reactions of photosynthesis to replenish electrons in photosystem II?
Which molecule is split during the light reactions of photosynthesis to replenish electrons in photosystem II?
During photosynthesis, which gas enters a leaf on a sunny day?
During photosynthesis, which gas enters a leaf on a sunny day?
What is produced as a byproduct of the splitting of water molecules during photosynthesis?
What is produced as a byproduct of the splitting of water molecules during photosynthesis?
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Which of the following substances is NOT required for photosynthesis?
Which of the following substances is NOT required for photosynthesis?
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What is the first molecule that stores energy from the Sun in ecosystems during photosynthesis?
What is the first molecule that stores energy from the Sun in ecosystems during photosynthesis?
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In which part of the chloroplast does the steepest pH gradient occur?
In which part of the chloroplast does the steepest pH gradient occur?
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What process converts light energy into chemical energy during photosynthesis?
What process converts light energy into chemical energy during photosynthesis?
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What is the main purpose of the Calvin cycle in plants?
What is the main purpose of the Calvin cycle in plants?
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Where does cellular respiration occur in the cell?
Where does cellular respiration occur in the cell?
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What are the main byproducts of cellular respiration?
What are the main byproducts of cellular respiration?
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What role does ATP serve in cellular processes?
What role does ATP serve in cellular processes?
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How is energy produced from glucose during cellular respiration?
How is energy produced from glucose during cellular respiration?
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Which process primarily generates ATP through oxidative phosphorylation?
Which process primarily generates ATP through oxidative phosphorylation?
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What occurs during gas exchange in the lungs?
What occurs during gas exchange in the lungs?
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What do mitochondria produce as a crucial energy-rich molecule?
What do mitochondria produce as a crucial energy-rich molecule?
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What is produced when pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA?
What is produced when pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA?
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Where does glycolysis occur in eukaryotic cells?
Where does glycolysis occur in eukaryotic cells?
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Where does the Calvin cycle occur within a plant cell?
Where does the Calvin cycle occur within a plant cell?
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How many ATP molecules are generated during glycolysis?
How many ATP molecules are generated during glycolysis?
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What are the primary products of the light reactions in photosynthesis?
What are the primary products of the light reactions in photosynthesis?
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What role does ATP play in cells?
What role does ATP play in cells?
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What phenomenon occurs when a pigment molecule absorbs a photon?
What phenomenon occurs when a pigment molecule absorbs a photon?
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What process is responsible for the dough rising in bread making?
What process is responsible for the dough rising in bread making?
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Which of the following statements about chlorophyll is true?
Which of the following statements about chlorophyll is true?
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What is the role of ATP and NADPH in the Calvin cycle?
What is the role of ATP and NADPH in the Calvin cycle?
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What is the main site of ATP synthesis during cellular respiration?
What is the main site of ATP synthesis during cellular respiration?
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How can the rate of photosynthesis be inferred using a small water plant?
How can the rate of photosynthesis be inferred using a small water plant?
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What is the total number of carbon atoms in a glucose molecule?
What is the total number of carbon atoms in a glucose molecule?
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Which of the following statements about ATP recycling is correct?
Which of the following statements about ATP recycling is correct?
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What type of nutrition is demonstrated by an apple tree making its own food?
What type of nutrition is demonstrated by an apple tree making its own food?
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Which molecule is NOT a direct product of photosynthesis?
Which molecule is NOT a direct product of photosynthesis?
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Study Notes
Photosynthesis
- Photosynthesis uses light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen.
- Photosystems are clusters of pigment molecules surrounding chlorophyll a.
- Oxygen produced during photosynthesis comes from water molecules being split.
- Carbon dioxide is an inorganic molecule required for photosynthesis.
- Glucose is the initial storage form of solar energy for most ecosystems.
- The chloroplast's stroma and thylakoid space have the steepest pH gradient.
- Cellular respiration produces ATP.
- The rate of photosynthesis is affected by variations in light.
- In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is absorbed, and oxygen is released.
- Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, whereas cellular respiration takes place in mitochondria.
- Light-dependent reactions produce ATP and NADPH, happening in thylakoid membranes.
- The Calvin cycle happens in the stroma, using ATP and NADPH to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.
- Chlorophyll absorbs light energy exciting electrons, which then produce ATP and NADPH.
- Plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make their own food (photosynthesis).
- The products of the light reactions are ATP, NADPH, and O2.
Cellular Respiration
- Cellular respiration is a process that breaks down glucose in the presence of oxygen, releasing ATP.
- ATP is the main energy currency of the cell.
- Cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria.
- Cellular respiration produces ATP, carbon dioxide, and water.
- Mitochondria are called the powerhouses of the cell.
- Gas exchange takes place in the lungs, where alveolar air is exchanged with blood in the pulmonary capillaries.
- The Citric Acid Cycle releases two carbon dioxide molecules in each cycle.
- Pyruvate is converted to Acetyl CoA, producing carbon dioxide.
- Glycolysis breaks down glucose into two pyruvate molecules in the cytosol.
- ATP and NADH are produced during glycolysis.
- NAD+ is reduced to NADH during cellular respiration (an important process).
Fermentation
- Fermentation is a process yeast use to make bread dough rise.
- During fermentation, yeast consume sugar and produce carbon dioxide and ethanol.
- The warmth of the dough accelerates the fermentation process.
- Reduction is an important process, such as NAD+ being reduced to NADH.
- The reaction C6H12O6 is oxidized, and O2 is reduced in aerobic respiration .
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of photosynthesis, including the light-dependent reactions, the Calvin cycle, and the roles of chloroplasts and chlorophyll. Test your understanding of how plants convert light energy into chemical energy and the importance of oxygen and glucose in ecosystems.
