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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the light reaction in photosynthesis?
What is the primary function of the light reaction in photosynthesis?
- To fix carbon dioxide into organic molecules
- To break down glucose for energy
- To produce glucose from pyruvate
- To convert light energy into chemical energy (correct)
Which molecule acts as the primary electron donor in the electron transport chain during the light reaction?
Which molecule acts as the primary electron donor in the electron transport chain during the light reaction?
- Water (correct)
- Carbon Dioxide
- NADPH
- ATP
What is the role of ATP Synthase in the light reaction?
What is the role of ATP Synthase in the light reaction?
- To produce glucose
- To fix carbon dioxide
- To generate ATP from a proton gradient (correct)
- To reduce NADP+ to NADPH
Which step of the Calvin cycle involves the use of ATP and NADPH?
Which step of the Calvin cycle involves the use of ATP and NADPH?
What is the ultimate goal of the Calvin cycle?
What is the ultimate goal of the Calvin cycle?
Flashcards
Light Reaction
Light Reaction
The stage of photosynthesis that requires light, occurring in the thylakoid, producing ATP, NADPH, and O₂.
Calvin Cycle
Calvin Cycle
Also known as the dark reaction, it takes place in the stroma and uses CO₂, ATP, and NADPH to synthesize glucose.
Photosystem II
Photosystem II
The first protein complex in the light reaction, where electrons are excited by light energy.
Electron Transport Chain
Electron Transport Chain
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PGA Formation
PGA Formation
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Study Notes
Photosynthesis
- Light Reaction: Also known as light-dependent reaction, occurs in the thylakoid.
- Light, water (H₂O) → ATP, NADPH, oxygen (O₂).
- Pigments absorb light energy.
- Electrons use light energy to become excited and jump energy levels.
- Excited electrons enter the electron transport chain (a series of proteins).
- Photosystem II, hydrolysis, Photosystem I, creating NADPH, ATP Synthase produces ATP.
Dark Reaction
- Also known as light-independent reaction or Calvin cycle, occurs in the stroma.
- Carbon dioxide (CO₂), ATP, NADPH → glucose, ADP, NADP⁺
- Carbon fixation: Carbon from CO₂ is added to a 5-carbon sugar.
- PGA formation: The unstable six-carbon sugar is split into two PGA molecules.
- Using ATP and NADPH from light reactions, PGA converts to PGAL.
- Glucose production: After six rounds of the Calvin cycle, two PGAL molecules leave the cycle to from glucose.
- ATP and PGAL replenish RuBP: Some PGAL molecules are recycled and reform RuBP using ATP.
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